Awesome-Token-Compress

🔥🔥🔥 A paper list of some recent works about Token Compress for Vit and VLM.

VLM

2026

• VPRUNE: EFFICIENT TRAINING-FREE PRE-LLM VISUAL TOKEN PRUNING. [VPRune;]

• CoVeR: Coverage-Based Token Pruning for Multi-View 3D Reasoning in VLMs. [CoVeR;GitHub]

• Who Speaks for the Pruned? Visual Token Pruning as Coverage Optimization. [CoverPruner;]

• Token-Budget Distillation: Transferring Full-Token Semantics to Compressed Video Vision-Language Models. [TBD;Video;Distillation]

• Visual Token Coding for Video Multimodal Large Language Models. [VTC;Video;GitHub]

• Aggregating Visual Information with Optimal Transport for VideoLM Token Compression. [AVIOT;Video;GitHub]

• An AI4AI Framework for Visual Token Pruning. [AutoPrune;]

• Semantic-Guided Slow-Fast Pruning of Visual Tokens for Vision-Language Models. [ICASSP 2026]

• 3DZip: Spatial-Aware Feature Diversity-Guided Token Compression for 3D Question Answering. [3DZip;3D;ECCV 2026;GitHub]

• Attention-Free and Lightweight Token Reduction for Efficient Vision-Language Models. [ALTR;]

• VisCo: Leveraging Large Language Models as Intrinsic Encoders for Visual Token Compression. [VisCo;ACM MM 2026;GitHub]

• GeoTrace: Geometry-Aware Trajectory Token Compression for Video Large Language Models. [GeoTrace;Video;]

• AnchorPrune: Relevance-Anchored Contextual Expansion for Visual Token Pruning. [AnchorPrune;ECCV 2026;GitHub]

• Combating Textual Noise and Redundancy:Entropy-Aware Dense Visual Token Pruning. [EADP;ECCV 2026;GitHub]

• Spectral Evolution-Guided Token Pruning in Multimodal Large Language Models. [CLSE;ECCV 2026;GitHub]

• One Layer’s Trash is Another Layer’s Treasure: Adaptive Layer-wise Visual Token Selection in LVLMs.[ALVTS;CVPR 2026]

• MeToM: Metadata-Guided Token Merging for Efficient Video LLMs. [MeToM;Video;CVPR 2026]

• InfoMerge: Information-aware Token Compression for Efficient Video Large Language Models. [InfoMerge; ]

• EvoCut: Multi-Layer Evolution-Aware Visual Token Compression for Efficient Large Vision-Language Models. [EvoCut; ]

• RESTORE: Improving Visual Token Reduction via Rectifying Distortions for Efficient Multimodal LLM Inference. [RESTORE; ICML 2026; GitHub]

• EarlyTom:Early Token Compression Completes Fast Video Understanding. [EarlyTom;Video;CVPR 2026;GitHub]

• OccamToken: Efficient VLM Inference with Training-Free and Budget-Adaptive Token Pruning. [OccamToken; ]

• Enhancing Visual Token Representations for Video Large Language Models via Training-Free Spatial-Temporal Pooling and Gridding. [ST-GridPool;Video;ICLR 2026;GitHub]

• DynaTok: Temporally Adaptive and Positional Bias-Aware Token Compression for Video-LLMs.[DynaTok;]

• OmniRefine: Alignment-Aware Cooperative Compression for Efficient Omnimodal Large Language Models. [OmniRefine;]

• OTT-Vid: Optimal Transport Temporal Token Compression for Video Large Language Models. [OTT-Vid;GitHub]

• EVADING VISUAL APHASIA: CONTRASTIVE ADAPTIVE SEMANTIC TOKEN PRUNING FOR VISION-LANGUAGE MODELS. [COAST;]

• EvoComp: Learning Visual Token Compression for Multimodal Large Language Models via Semantic-Guided Evolutionary Labeling. [EvoComp;]

• Decoupled Similarity for Task-Aware Token Pruning in Large Vision-Language Models. [DeSAP;]

• KiToke: Kernel-based Interval-aware Token Compression for Video Large Language Models. [KiToke;]

• Hierarchical Pre-Training of Vision Encoders with Large Language Models. [HIVE;CVPR 2026 Workshop;GitHub]

• Learning to Select Visual In-Context Demonstrations. [LSD;CVPR 2026 Findings;GitHub]

• Dynamic Token Compression for Efficient Video Understanding through Reinforcement Learning. [SCORE;Video;RL]

• ForestPrune: High-ratio Visual Token Compression for Video Multimodal Large Language Models via Spatial-Temporal Forest Modeling. [ForestPrune;GitHub]

• Unified Spatiotemporal Token Compression for Video-LLMs at Ultra-Low Retention. [Video;CVPR 2026]

• ASAP: Attention-Shift-Aware Pruning for Efficient LVLM Inference. [ASAP;]

• Language-Guided Token Compression with Reinforcement Learning in Large Vision-Language Models. [TPRL;GitHub]

• Prune Redundancy, Preserve Essence: Vision Token Compression in VLMs via Synergistic Importance-Diversity. [PruneSID;ICLR 2026;GitHub]

• AgilePruner: An Empirical Study of Attention and Diversity for Adaptive Visual Token Pruning in Large Vision-Language Models. [AgilePruner;ICLR 2026;GitHub]

• Token Reduction via Local and Global Contexts Optimization for Efficient Video Large Language Models. [AOT;GitHub]

• ApET: Approximation-Error Guided Token Compression for Efficient VLMs. [ApET;GitHub]

• DUET-VLM: Dual-Stage Efficient Token Reduction for Vision-Language Models. [DUET-VLM;GitHub]

• EntropyPrune: Matrix Entropy Guided Visual Token Pruning for Multimodal Large Language Models. [EntropyPrune;GitHub]

• FlashVID: Efficient Video Large Language Models via Training-free Tree-based Spatiotemporal Token Merging. [FlashVID; ICLR 2026; GitHub]

• Focus-Scan-Refine: From Human Visual Perception to Efficient Visual Token Pruning. [FSR;GitHub]

• Contribution-aware Token Compression for Efficient Video Understanding via Reinforcement Learning. [CaCoVID;]

• VisionTrim: Unified Vision Token Compression for Training-Free MLLM Acceleration. [VisionTrim;ICLR 2026;GitHub]

2025

• FlashVLM: Text-Guided Visual Token Selection for Large Multimodal Models. [FlashVLM;]

• Focus: A Streaming Concentration Architecture for Efficient Vision-Language Models. [Focus; GitHub]

• EchoingPixels: Cross-Modal Adaptive Token Reduction for Efficient Audio-Visual LLMs. [EchoingPixels; Audio-Video]

• HybridToken-VLM: Hybrid Token Compression for Vision-Language Models. [HTC-VLM;]

• Less Is More, but Where? Dynamic Token Compression via LLM-Guided Keyframe Prior. [DyToK; GitHub]

• LLaVA-UHD v3: Progressive Visual Compression for Efficient Native-Resolution Encoding in MLLMs. [LLaVA-UHD v3;]

• FloC: FACILITY LOCATION-BASED EFFICIENT VI- SUAL TOKEN COMPRESSION FOR LONG VIDEO UN- DERSTANDING. [FloC;]

• Can Visual Input Be Compressed? A Visual Token Compression Benchmark for Large Multimodal Models.[Visual Token Compression Benchmark]

• VisionSelector: End-to-End Learnable Visual Token Compression for Efficient Multimodal LLMs. [VisionSelector; GitHub]

• AutoPrune: Each Complexity Deserves a Pruning Policy. [AutoPrune;NIPS2025; GitHub]

• LightVLM: Acceleraing Large Multimodal Models with Pyramid Token Merging and KV Cache Compression. [LightVLM;]

• MMG-Vid: Maximizing Marginal Gains at Segment-level and Token-level for Efficient Video LLMs. [MMG-Vid;]

• VISA: Group-wise Visual Token Selection and Aggregation via Graph Summarization for Efficient MLLMs Inference. [VISA; GitHub]

• HiPrune: Training-Free Visual Token Pruning via Hierarchical Attention in Vision-Language Models. [HiPrune; GitHub]

• A Glimpse to Compress: Dynamic Visual Token Pruning for Large Vision-Language Models. [GlimpsePrune; GitHub]

• Short-LVLM: Compressing and Accelerating Large Vision-Language Models by Pruning Redundant Layers. [Short-LVLM; GitHub]

• When Tokens Talk Too Much: A Survey of Multimodal Long-Context Token Compression across Images, Videos, and Audios. [Survey ;GitHub]

• VisionThink: Smart and Efficient Vision Language Model via Reinforcement Learning. [VisionThink; GitHub]

• Multi-Granular Spatio-Temporal Token Merging for Training-Free Acceleration of Video LLMs. [STTM;ICCV; GitHub]

• Beyond Token Pruning: Operation Pruning in Vision-Language Models. [GSOP; GitHub]

• LaCo: Efficient Layer-wise Compression of Visual Tokens for Multimodal Large Language Models. [LaCo;]

• LLaVA-Scissor: Token Compression with Semantic Connected Components for Video LLMs. [LLaVA-Scissor;Video; GitHub]

• GreedyPrune: Retenting Critical Visual Token Set for Large Vision Language Models. [GreedyPrune;]

• Learning Compact Vision Tokens for Efficient Large Multimodal Models. [LLaVA-STF;VQA; GitHub]

• DynTok: Dynamic Compression of Visual Tokens for Efficient and Effective Video Understanding. [DynTok; Video;]

• HoliTom: Holistic Token Merging for Fast Video Large Language Models. [HoliTom; Video; GitHub]

• AdaTP: Attention-Debiased Token Pruning for Video Large Language Models. [AdaTP; Video;]

• CrossLMM: Decoupling Long Video Sequences from LMMs via Dual Cross-Attention Mechanisms. [CrossLMM; Video; GitHub]

• Clapper: Compact Learning and Video Representation in VLMs. [Clapper; Video]

• Video Compression Commander:Plug-and-Play Inference Acceleration for Video Large Language Models. [VidCom2; Video; GitHub]

• Top-Down Compression: Revisit Efficient Vision Token Projection for Visual Instruction Tuning. [LLaVA-Meteor]

• Static or Dynamic: Towards Query-Adaptive Token Selection for Video Question Answering. [Explore-Then-Select; Video; EMNLP 2025; GitHub]

• FiLA-Video: Spatio-Temporal Compression for Fine-Grained Long Video Understanding. [FiLA-Video;Video]

• VCM: Vision Concept Modeling with Adaptive Vision Token Compression via Instruction Fine-Tuning. [VCM]

• TimeChat-Online: 80% Visual Tokens are Naturally Redundant in Streaming Videos. [TimeChat-Online; Video; GitHub]

• DYMU: Dynamic Merging and Virtual Unmerging for Efficient VLMs. [DYMU;GitHub]

• Quicksviewer: An LMM for Efficient Video Understanding via Reinforced Compression of Video Cubes. [Quicksviewer;Video;GitHub]

• PACT: Pruning and Clustering-Based Token Reduction for Faster Visual Language Models. [PACT;CVPR 2025;GitHub]

• QG-VTC: Question-Guided Visual Token Compression in MLLMs for Efficient VQA. [QG-VTC;VQA]

• TopV: Compatible Token Pruning with Inference Time Optimization for Fast and Low-Memory Multimodal Vision Language Model. [TopV; CVPR 2025]

• InternVL-X: Advancing and Accelerating InternVL Series with Efficient Visual Token Compression. [InternVL-X;GitHub]

• Token Dynamics: Towards Efficient and Dynamic Video Token Representation for Video Large Language Model. [Token Dynamics;Video]

• HICom:Hybrid-Level Instruction Injection for Video Token Compression in Multi-modal Large Language Models. [HICom;2025 CVPR;Video;GitHub]

• TwigVLM: Growing a Twig to Accelerate Large Vision-Language Models. [TwigVLM; ICCV 2025;GitHub]

• FastVID: Dynamic Density Pruning for Fast Video Large Language Models. [FastVID;GitHub]

• SAINT：Similarity-Aware Token Pruning: Your VLM but Faster. [SAINT;GitHub]

• STORM:Token-Efficient Long Video Understanding for Multimodal LLMs. [STORM;Video;NVIDIA]

• OpenReview Dynamic-LLaVA: Efficient Multimodal Large Language Models via Dynamic Vision-language Context Sparsification. [Dynamic-LLaVA; ICLR2025; GitHub]

• DivPrune: Diversity-based Visual Token Pruning for Large Multimodal Models. [DivPrune;GitHub]

• FCoT-VL:Advancing Text-oriented Large Vision-Language Models with Efficient Visual Token Compression. [FCoT-VL;]

• Beyond Token Compression: A Training-Free Reduction Framework for Efficient Visual Processing in MLLMs. [Beyond Token Compression;GitHub]

• FALCON: Resolving Visual Redundancy and Fragmentation in High-resolution Multimodal Large Language Models via Visual Registers. [Falcon; ICCV 2025; GitHub]

• DyRate:Dynamic Token Reduction during Generation for Vision Language Models. [DyRate]

• AdaFV: Accelerating VLMs with Self-Adaptive Cross-Modality Attention Mixture. [AdaFV]

• LLaVA-Mini: Efficient Image and Video Large Multimodal Models with One Vision Token. [LLAVA-MINI;GitHub]

• FrameFusion: Combining Similarity and Importance for Video Token Reduction on Large Visual Language Models. [FrameFusion;Video;GitHub]

• VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling. [VideoChat-Flash;Video;GitHub]

2024

• RETAKE: Reducing Temporal and Knowledge Redundancy for Long Video Understanding. [RETAKE;Video;GitHub]

• FastVLM: Efficient Vision Encoding for Vision Language Models. [FastVLM;Apple;]

• PVC: Progressive Visual Token Compression for Unified Image and Video Processing in Large Vision-Language Models. [PVC;Video;GitHub]

• Dynamic-VLM: Simple Dynamic Visual Token Compression for VideoLLM. [Dynamic-VLM;Video;]

• VisionZip: Longer is Better but Not Necessary in Vision Language Models. [VisionZip;Video;GitHub]

• p-MoD: Building Mixture-of-Depths MLLMs via Progressive Ratio Decay. [p-MoD: GitHub]

• [CLS] Attention is All You Need for Training-Free Visual Token Pruning: Make VLM Inference Faster. [FasterVLM: GitHub]

• ATP-LLaVA: Adaptive Token Pruning for Large Vision Language Models. [ATP-LLaVA]

• OpenReview LLaVA-Mini: Efficient Image and Video Large Multimodal Models with One Vision Token. [LLaVA-Mini]

• Rethinking Token Reduction in MLLMs: Towards a Unified Paradigm for Training-Free Acceleration .[FiCoCo;]

• OpenReview LVP: Language-guide Visual Projector for Efficient Multimodal LLM.[LVP]

• OpenReview Efficient Multi-modal Large Language Models via Visual Token Grouping .[VisToG]

• DyCoke:Dynamic Compression of Tokens for Fast Video Large Language Models .[DyCoke;Video;Github]

• FocusLLaVA: A Coarse-to-Fine Approach for Efficient and Effective Visual Token Compression .[FocusLLaVA;]

• MustDrop:Multi-Stage Vision Token Dropping: Towards Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model .[MustDrop;Github]

• Don't Look Twice: Faster Video Transformers with Run-Length Tokenization .[RLT;Video;NeurIPS 2024;Github]

• Inference Optimal VLMs Need Only One Visual Token but Larger Models .[QueCC;Github]

• Video Token Merging for Long-form Video Understandin .[Learnable VTM;Video]

• LongVU: Spatiotemporal Adaptive Compression for Long Video-Language Understanding .[LongVU;Video;Github]

• PyramidDrop: Accelerating Your Large Vision-Language Models via Pyramid Visual Redundancy Reduction .[PyramidDrop;Github]

• Efficient Vision-Language Models by Summarizing Visual Tokens into Compact Registers .[Victor;]

• VidCompress: Memory-Enhanced Temporal Compression for Video Understanding in Large Language Models .[VidCompress;]

• Retrieval Replace Reduction:An effective visual token reduction method via semantic match .[TRSM;]

• AVG-LLaVA: A Large Multimodal Model with Adaptive Visual Granularity .[AVG-LLaVA;Github]

• Less is More: A Simple yet Effective Token Reduction Method for Efficient Multi-modal LLMs .[TRIM]

• TC-LLaVA: Rethinking the Transfer from Image to Video Understanding with Temporal Consideration .[TC-LLaVA;Video;]

• TG-LLaVA: Text Guided LLaVA via Learnable Latent Embeddings .[TG-LLaVA]

• mPLUG-DocOwl2: High-resolution Compressing for OCR-free Multi-page Document Understanding . [mPLUG-DocOwl2;Github]

• TempMe: Video Temporal Token Merging for Efficient Text-Video Retrieval . [TempMe;Video;ICLR 2025;Github]

• Recoverable Compression: A Multimodal Vision Token Recovery Mechanism Guided by Text Information . [Recoverable Compression]

• HiRED: Attention-Guided Token Dropping for Efficient Inference of High-Resolution Vision-Language Models in Resource-Constrained Environments . [HiRED;Github]

• mPLUG-Owl3: Towards Long Image-Sequence Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Models. [mPLUG-Owl3;Github]

• Token-level Correlation-guided Compression for Efficient Multimodal Document Understanding . [Token-level;Github]

• HiRes-LLaVA: Restoring Fragmentation Input in High-Resolution Large Vision-Language Models . [HiRes-LLaVA;]

• TokenPacker: Efficient Visual Projector for Multimodal LLM . [TokenPacker;Github]

• VoCo-LLaMA: Towards Vision Compression with Large Language Models . [VoCo-LLaMA;Github]

• DeCo: Decoupling Token Compression from Semantic Abstraction in Multimodal Large Language Models . [DeCo;Github]

• Matryoshka Query Transformer for Large Vision-Language Models . [MQT-LLaVA; NeurIPS 2024]Github]

• Matryoshka Multimodal Models . [Matryoshka;M³]Github]

• How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suites . [InternVL;Pixel-Shuffle;Github]

• CATP: Cross-Attention Token Pruning for Accuracy Preserved Multimodal Model Inference . [CATP;]

• LLaVA-PruMerge: Adaptive Token Reduction for Efficient Large Multimodal Models . [LLaVA-PruMerge;Github]

• An Image is Worth 1/2 Tokens After Layer 2: Plug-and-PLay Acceleration for VLLM Inference . [FastV;ECCV 2024;Github]

• MobileVLM V2: Faster and Stronger Baseline for Vision Language Model . [LDP-v2;Github]

2023

• Honeybee: Locality-enhanced Projector for Multimodal LLM . [C-Abstractor;CVPR 2024;Github ]
• LLaMA-VID: An Image is Worth 2 Tokens in Large Language Models . [LLaMA-VID;ECCV 2024;Github ]
• Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond . [Resampler;Github]
• CrossGET: Cross-Guided Ensemble of Tokens for Accelerating Vision-Language Transformers . [CrossGET; ICML 2024;Github]
• BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models . [Q-former;Github]

Vit

2026

• When Token Compression Breaks: Structural Pruning vs. Token Reduction for Robust ViT Segmentation under High Compression . [PtM;Github]

• Video Patch Pruning: Efficient Video Instance Segmentation via Early Token Reduction . [VPP;Github]

• ToaSt: Token Channel Selection and Structured Pruning for Efficient ViT . [ToaSt]

2025

• Lossless Token Merging Even Without Fine-Tuning in Vision Transformers . [ATM]

• Prune and Merge: Efficient Token Compression For Vision Transformer With Spatial Information Preserved . [Prune and Merge;Github]

2024

• Token Cropr: Faster ViTs for Quite a Few Tasks.[Token Cropr;]
• Vote&Mix: Plug-and-Play Token Reduction for Efficient Vision Transformer . [Vote&Mix;]
• Token Compensator: Altering Inference Cost of Vision Transformer without Re-Tuning . [Token Compensator;ToCom;Github]
• Dynamic and Compressive Adaptation of Transformers From Images to Videos . [InTI;]
• LookupViT: Compressing visual information to a limited number of tokens . [LookupViT;DeepMind]
• PYRA: Parallel Yielding Re-Activation for Training-Inference Efficient Task Adaptation . [PYRA;ECCV 2024;Github]

2023

• PPT: Token Pruning and Pooling for Efficient Vision Transformers . [PPT;Github]
• DiffRate : Differentiable Compression Rate for Efficient Vision Transformers . [DiffRate;ICCV 2023;Github]
• Joint Token Pruning and Squeezing Towards More Aggressive Compression of Vision Transformers . [TPS;CVPR 2023;Github]

2022

• TOKEN MERGING: YOUR VIT BUT FASTER . [ToMe;Token Merging; ICLR 2023]
• Adaptive Sparse ViT: Towards Learnable Adaptive Token Pruning by Fully Exploiting Self-Attention . [Adaptive Sparse ViT]
• EViT: Expediting Vision Transformers via Token Reorganizations . [EViT;ICLR 2022;Github]
• Vision Transformer Slimming: Multi-Dimension Searching in Continuous Optimization Space . [ViT-Slim;CVPR 2022;Github]

2021

• A-ViT: Adaptive Tokens for Efficient Vision Transformer . [A-Vit;]
• ATS: Adaptive Token Sampling For Efficient Vision Transformers . [ATS;ECCV 2022;Github]
• Evo-ViT: Slow-Fast Token Evolution for Dynamic Vision Transformer . [Evo-ViT;AAAI 2022;Github]
• Patch Slimming for Efficient Vision Transformers . [Patch Slimming;]
• DynamicViT: Efficient Vision Transformers with Dynamic Token Sparsificationr . [DynamicViT;NeurIPS 2021;Github]