📋 Table of Contents

[!NOTE] Paper Ordering — Within each year, papers are generally listed in reverse chronological order (newer papers appear lower). Particularly influential or representative works may be highlighted at the top regardless of date.

[!TIP] Contributing — This repository is continuously updated! If you have papers, projects, or resources not yet included, please submit a Pull Request or open an Issue. Let's build a comprehensive resource for the robotics and AI community!

---

📚 Survey

Comprehensive surveys and review papers covering the landscape of embodied AI.

• [2026] World Model for Robot Learning: A Comprehensive Survey [paper]
• [2025] [Science Robotics] A Review of Learning-based Dynamics Models for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] An Anatomy of Vision-Language-Action Models: From Modules to Milestones and Challenges [paper] [project]
• [2025] A Comprehensive Survey on World Models for Embodied AI [paper] [project]
• [2025] State of VLA Research at ICLR 2026 [blog]
• [2025] Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotics: A Review Towards Real-World Applications [paper]
• [2025] Pure Vision Language Action (VLA) Models: A Comprehensive Survey [paper]
• [2025] Large VLM-based Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey [paper] [project]
• [2025] Large Model Empowered Embodied AI: A Survey on Decision-Making and Embodied Learning [paper]
• [2025] Foundation Model Driven Robotics: A Comprehensive Review [paper]
• [2025] [PKU-PsiBot] A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models: An Action Tokenization Perspective [paper]
• [2025] A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving [paper] [project]
• [2025] Parallels Between VLA Model Post-Training and Human Motor Learning: Progress, Challenges, and Trends [paper] [project]
• [2025] [IJRR 25] Foundation Models in Robotics: Applications, Challenges, and the Future [paper] [project]
• [2025] Deep Reinforcement Learning for Robotics: A Survey of Real-World Successes [paper]
• [2025] A Survey on Diffusion Policy for Robotic Manipulation: Taxonomy, Analysis, and Future Directions [paper] [project]
• [2025] Embodied Intelligent Industrial Robotics: Concepts and Techniques [paper] [project]
• [2025] Neural Brain: A Neuroscience-inspired Framework for Embodied Agents [paper] [project]
• [2025] Vision-Language-Action Models: Concepts, Progress, Applications and Challenges [paper]
• [2025] A Survey of Robotic Navigation and Manipulation with Physics Simulators in the Era of Embodied AI [paper]
• [2025] Multimodal Perception for Goal-oriented Navigation: A Survey [paper]
• [2025] Diffusion Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey [paper]
• [2025] Dexterous Manipulation through Imitation Learning: A Survey [paper]
• [2025] Multimodal Fusion and Vision-Language Models: A Survey for Robot Vision [paper] [project]
• [2025] SE(3)-Equivariant Robot Learning and Control: A Tutorial Survey [paper]
• [2025] Generative Artificial Intelligence in Robotic Manipulation: A Survey [paper] [project]
• [2025] Development Report of Embodied Intelligence (Chinese) [paper]
• [2025] Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models [paper]
• [2025] Exploring Embodied Multimodal Large Models: Development, Datasets, and Future Directions [paper]
• [2024] Embodied-AI with large models: research and challenges [paper]
• [2024] A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models for Embodied AI [paper]
• [2024] A Survey of Embodied Learning for Object-Centric Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Aligning Cyber Space with Physical World: A Comprehensive Survey on Embodied AI [paper]
• [2024] Vision-language navigation: a survey and taxonomy [paper]

💥 Vision Language Action (VLA) Models & World Action Models (WAM)

2026

• [2026] [Tencent] Hy-Embodied-0.5-VLA: From Vision-Language-Action Models to a Real-World Robot Learning Stack [paper] [blog] [code]
• [2026] [Science Robotics] A careful examination of large behavior models for multitask dexterous manipulation [paper]
• [2026] [QWen] Qwen-VLA: Unifying Vision-Language-Action Modeling across Tasks, Environments, and Robot Embodiments [paper] [code]
• [2026] [Nvidia] GROOT 1.7 [blog] [code]
• [2026] [Genesis] GENE-26.5: Advancing Robotic Manipulation to Human Level [blog]
• [2026] [Generalist] GEN-1: Scaling Embodied Foundation Models to Mastery [blog]
• [2026] [Physical Intelligence] MEM: Multi-Scale Embodied Memory for Vision Language Action Models [paper] [blog]
• [2026] [Physical Intelligence] [ICLR 26] MemER: Scaling Up Memory for Robot Control via Experience Retrieval [paper] [project]
• [2026] [AMap Group] ABot-M0: VLA Foundation Model for Robotic Manipulation with Action Manifold Learning [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [NVIDIA] DreamZero: World Action Models Are Zero-Shot Policies [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [Ant Group] Causal World Modeling for Robot Control [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [Ant Group] A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [Qwen] VLM4VLA: Revisiting Vision-Language Models in Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] Being-H0.5: Scaling Human-Centric Robot Learning for Cross-Embodiment Generalization [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [Nvidia] Cosmos Policy: Fine-Tuning Video Models for Visuomotor Control and Planning [paper] [project]]
• [2026] TwinBrainVLA: Unleashing the Potential of Generalist VLMs for Embodied Tasks via Asymmetric Mixture-of-Transformers [paper] [code]
• [2026] LangForce: Bayesian Decomposition of Vision Language Action Models via Latent Action Queries [paper] [code]
• [2026] RDT2: Exploring the Scaling Limit of UMI Data Towards Zero-Shot Cross-Embodiment Generalization [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] [Dexmal] DM0: An Embodied-Native Vision-Language-Action Model towards Physical AI [paper] [code]
• [2026] CycleVLA: Proactive Self-Correcting Vision-Language-Action Models via Subtask Backtracking and Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding [paper] [project]
• [2026] [GigaAI] GigaBrain-0.5M*: a VLA That Learns From WorldModel-Based Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2026] [Mondo Robotics] DiT4DiT: Jointly Modeling Video Dynamics and Actions for Generalizable Robot Control [paper] [project]
• [2026] Fast-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Test-time Future Imagination? [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] Ψ₀: An Open Foundation Model Towards Universal Humanoid Loco-Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] ReMem-VLA: Empowering Vision-Language-Action Model with Memory via Dual-Level Recurrent Queries [paper]
• [2026] ROSClaw [project] [code]
• [2026] SimVLA: A Simple VLA Baseline for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2026] ActQuant: Sub-4-bit Action-Guided Quantization for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] GEM-4D: Geometry-Enhanced Video World Models for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2026] Turning Video Models into Generalist Robot Policies [paper] [project]
• [2026] VLA-Corrector: Lightweight Detect-and-Correct Inference for Adaptive Action Horizon [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] GeneralVLA-2: Geometry-Aware Reconstruction and Governed Memory for Robot Planning [paper] [code] [blog]
• [2026] GeneralVLA: Generalizable Vision-Language-Action Models with Knowledge-Guided Trajectory Planning [paper] [code] [blog]
• [2026] [ICML 26] FOCA: Future-Oriented Conditioning for Data-Efficient Vision-Language-Action Adaptation [website] [paper] [code]

2025

• [2025] Large Video Planner [paper] [[[project])(https://www.boyuan.space/large-video-planner/)] [code]
• [2025] Spirit-v1.5 [report] [code]
• [2025] GigaBrain-0: A World Model-Powered Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [[[project])(https://gigabrain0.github.io/)] [code]
• [2025] [Nvidia] [NeurIPS 25] ThinkAct: Vision-Language-Action Reasoning via Reinforced Visual Latent Planning [paper] [project]
• [2025] StarVLA: A Lego-like Codebase for Vision-Language-Action Model Developing [report] [code]
• [2025] RLinf: Reinforcement Learning Infrastructure for Post-training [doc] [code]
• [2025] Motus: A Unified Latent Action World Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [ByteDance Seed] GR-RL: Going Dexterous and Precise for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Microsoft Research] OmniVLA: Physically-Grounded Multimodal VLA with Unified Multi-Sensor Perception for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] π0.6: a VLA that Learns from Experience [paper]
• [2025] [Generalist] Embodied Foundation Models That Scale with Physical Interaction [blog]
• [2025] [Nvidia] VLA-0: Building State-of-the-Art VLAs with Zero Modification [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [X Square Robot] Wall-OSS: Igniting VLMs toward the Embodied Space [project] [paper] [code]
• [2025] [CoRL] GraspVLA: a Grasping Foundation Model Pre-trained on Billion-scale Synthetic Action Data [project] [paper] [code]
• [2025] [AgiBot] Genie Envisioner: A Unified World Foundation Platform for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [ByteDance Seed] GR-3 Technical Report [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Toyota Research Institute] A Careful Examination of Large Behavior Models for Multitask Dexterous Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] UniVLA: Unified Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [code]
• [2025] [Gemini Robotics] Gemini Robotics On-Device brings AI to local robotic devices [report]
• [2025] [Meta] V-JEPA 2: Self-Supervised Video Models Enable Understanding, Prediction and Planning [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] Knowledge Insulating Vision-Language-Action Models: Train Fast, Run Fast, Generalize Better [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] π0.5: A Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalization [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [Nvidia] GR00T N1: An Open Foundation Model for Generalist Humanoid Robots [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Gemini Robotics] Gemini Robotics: Bringing AI into the Physical World [report]
• [2025] [AgiBot] AgiBot World Colosseo: Large-scale Manipulation Platform for Scalable and Intelligent Embodied Systems [paper] [project]
• [2025] [PsiBot] DexGraspVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework Towards General Dexterous Grasping [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Fine-Tuning Vision-Language-Action Models: Optimizing Speed and Success [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] Hi Robot: Open-Ended Instruction Following with Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Figure] Helix: A Vision-Language-Action Model for Generalist Humanoid Control [report]
• [2025] [AgiBot] EnerVerse: Envisioning Embodied Future Space for Robotics Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] FLaRe: Achieving Masterful and Adaptive Robot Policies with Large-Scale Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning [paper][project]
• [2025] Shake-VLA: Vision-Language-Action Model-Based System for Bimanual Robotic Manipulations and Liquid Mixing [paper]
• [2025] Beyond Sight: Finetuning Generalist Robot Policies with Heterogeneous Sensors via Language Grounding [paper]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] FAST: Efficient Action Tokenization for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper]
• [2025] GeoManip: Geometric Constraints as General Interfaces for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Universal Actions for Enhanced Embodied Foundation Models [paper]
• [2025] SpatialVLA: Exploring Spatial Representations for Visual-Language-Action Model [paper]
• [2025] RoboHorizon: An LLM-Assisted Multi-View World Model for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] SAM2Act: Integrating Visual Foundation Model with A Memory Architecture for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Improving Vision-Language-Action Model with Online Reinforcement Learning [paper]
• [2025] Integrating LMM Planners and 3D Skill Policies for Generalizable Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] VLA-Cache: Towards Efficient Vision-Language-Action Model via Adaptive Token Caching in Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] From Foresight to Forethought: VLM-In-the-Loop Policy Steering via Latent Alignment [paper]
• [2025] GRAPE: Generalizing Robot Policy via Preference Alignment [paper]
• [2025] DexVLA: Vision-Language Model with Plug-In Diffusion Expert for General Robot Control [paper]
• [2025] HAMSTER: Hierarchical Action Models For Open-World Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Temporal Representation Alignment: Successor Features Enable Emergent Compositionality in Robot Instruction Following Temporal Representation Alignment [paper]
• [2025] RoboBERT: An End-to-end Multimodal Robotic Manipulation Model [paper]
• [2025] Diffusion Transformer Policy: Scaling Diffusion Transformer for Generalist Visual-Language-Action Learning [paper]
• [2025] GEVRM: Goal-Expressive Video Generation Model For Robust Visual Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] SoFar: Language-Grounded Orientation Bridges Spatial Reasoning and Object Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Pre-training Auto-regressive Robotic Models with 4D Representations [paper]
• [2025] Magma: A Foundation Model for Multimodal AI Agents [paper]
• [2025] An Atomic Skill Library Construction Method for Data-Efficient Embodied Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] VLAS: Vision-Language-Action Model with Speech Instructions for Customized Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Humanoid-VLA: Towards Universal Humanoid Control with Visual Integration [paper]
• [2025] ChatVLA: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Robot Control with Vision-Language-Action Model [paper]
• [2025] ObjectVLA: End-to-End Open-World Object Manipulation Without Demonstration [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CVPR 25] RoboBrain: A Unified Brain Model for Robotic Manipulation from Abstract to Concrete [paper] [project]
• [2025] SafeVLA: Towards Safety Alignment of Vision-Language-Action Model via Safe Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] CognitiveDrone: A VLA Model and Evaluation Benchmark for Real-Time Cognitive Task Solving and Reasoning in UAVs [paper] [project]
• [2025] UAV-VLA: Vision-Language-Action System for Large Scale Aerial Mission Generation [paper]
• [2025] Accelerating Vision-Language-Action Model Integrated with Action Chunking via Parallel Decoding [paper]
• [2025] RaceVLA: VLA-based Racing Drone Navigation with Human-like Behaviour [paper] [project]
• [2025] OTTER: A Vision-Language-Action Model with Text-Aware Visual Feature Extraction [paper] [project]
• [2025] A Generative System for Robot-to-Human Handovers: from Intent Inference to Spatial Configuration Imagery [paper] [project]
• [2025] VLA Model-Expert Collaboration for Bi-directional Manipulation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] PointVLA: Injecting the 3D World into Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Towards Safe Robot Foundation Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] VidBot: Learning Generalizable 3D Actions from In-the-Wild 2D Human Videos for Zero-Shot Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] iManip: Skill-Incremental Learning for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Refined Policy Distillation: From VLA Generalists to RL Experts [paper]
• [2025] LUMOS: Language-Conditioned Imitation Learning with World Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] HybridVLA: Collaborative Diffusion and Autoregression in a Unified Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] MoRE: Unlocking Scalability in Reinforcement Learning for Quadruped Vision-Language-Action Models [paper]
• [2025] TLA: Tactile-Language-Action Model for Contact-Rich Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] FP3: A 3D Foundation Policy for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CVPR 25] MoManipVLA: Transferring Vision-language-action Models for General Mobile Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Dita: Scaling Diffusion Transformer for Generalist Vision-Language-Action Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Think Small, Act Big: Primitive-level Skill Prompt Learning for Lifelong Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] JARVIS-VLA: Post-Training Large-Scale Vision Language Models to Play Visual Games with Keyboards and Mouse [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboFlamingo-Plus: Fusion of Depth and RGB Perception with Vision-Language Models for Enhanced Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] CubeRobot: Grounding Language in Rubik's Cube Manipulation via Vision-Language Model [paper]
• [2025] MoLe-VLA: Dynamic Layer-skipping Vision Language Action Model via Mixture-of-Layers for Efficient Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] ConRFT: A Reinforced Fine-tuning Method for VLA Models via Consistency Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CVPR 25] CoT-VLA: Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] DexTOG: Learning Task-Oriented Dexterous Grasp with Language Condition [paper] [project]
• [2025] SPECI: Skill Prompts based Hierarchical Continual Imitation Learning for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Gripper Keypose and Object Pointflow as Interfaces for Bimanual Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] NORA: A Small Open-Sourced Generalist Vision Language Action Model for Embodied Tasks [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CVPR 25] RoboGround: Robotic Manipulation with Grounded Vision-Language Priors [paper] [project]
• [2025] ViSA-Flow: Accelerating Robot Skill Learning via Large-Scale Video Semantic Action Flow [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RA-L 25] GR-MG: Leveraging Partially-Annotated Data via Multi-Modal Goal-Conditioned Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Task Reconstruction and Extrapolation for using Text Latent [paper]
• [2025] Interleave-VLA: Enhancing Robot Manipulation with Interleaved Image-Text Instructions [paper] [project]
• [2025] OpenHelix: A Short Survey, Empirical Analysis, and Open-Source Dual-System VLA Model for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] CrayonRobo: Object-Centric Prompt-Driven Vision-Language-Action Model for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Learning to Act Anywhere with Task-centric Latent Actions [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] CLIP-RT: Learning Language-Conditioned Robotic Policies from Natural Language Supervision [paper] [project]
• [2025] Training Strategies for Efficient Embodied Reasoning [paper]
• [2025] A0: An Affordance-Aware Hierarchical Model for General Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] VTLA: Vision-Tactile-Language-Action Model with Preference Learning for Insertion Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] OneTwoVLA: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model with Adaptive Reasoning [paper] [project]
• [2025] InSpire: Vision-Language-Action Models with Intrinsic Spatial Reasoning [paper] [project]
• [2025] ForceVLA: Enhancing VLA Models with a Force-aware MoE for Contact-rich Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Hume: Introducing System-2 Thinking in Visual-Language-Action Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] Agentic Robot: A Brain-Inspired Framework for Vision-Language-Action Models in Embodied Agents [paper] [project]
• [2025] TrackVLA: Embodied Visual Tracking in the Wild [paper] [project]
• [2025] SwitchVLA: Execution-Aware Task Switching for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] OG-VLA: 3D-Aware Vision Language Action Model via Orthographic Image Generation [paper] [project]
• [2025] LoHoVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for Long-Horizon Embodied Tasks [paper]
• [2025] SmolVLA: A vision-language-action model for affordable and efficient robotics [paper] [project]
• [2025] VLA-RL: Towards Masterful and General Robotic Manipulation with Scalable Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Online RL with Simple Reward Enables Training VLA Models with Only One Trajectory [project]
• [2025] BitVLA: 1-bit Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotics Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Fast ECoT: Efficient Embodied Chain-of-Thought via Thoughts Reuse [paper]
• [2025] [NeurIPS 25] BridgeVLA: Input-Output Alignment for Efficient 3D Manipulation Learning with Vision-Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] SAFE: Multitask Failure Detection for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] From Intention to Execution: Probing the Generalization Boundaries of Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Time- Diffusion Policy with Action Discrimination for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] RationalVLA: A Rational Vision-Language-Action Model with Dual System [paper] [project]
• [2025] Fast-in-Slow: A Dual-System Foundation Model Unifying Fast Manipulation within Slow Reasoning [paper] [project]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] [NeurIPS 25] Real-Time Execution of Action Chunking Flow Policies [paper] [project]
• [2025] LLaVA-VLA: A Simple Yet Powerful Vision-Language-Action Model [project]
• [2025] LeVERB: Humanoid Whole-Body Control with Latent Vision-Language Instruction [paper]
• [2025] CEED-VLA: Consistency Vision-Language-Action Model with Early-Exit Decoding [paper] [project]
• [2025] DreamGen: Unlocking Genearlization in Robot Learning through Video World Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] RLRC: Reinforcement Learning-based Recovery for Compressed Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] MinD: Unified Visual Imagination and Control via Hierarchical World Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] CronusVLA: Transferring Latent Motion Across Time for Multi-Frame Prediction in Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] WorldVLA: Towards Autoregressive Action World Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] ACTLLM: Action Consistency Tuned Large Language Model [paper]
• [2025] TriVLA: A Unified Triple-System-Based Unified Vision-Language-Action Model for General Robot Control [paper] [project]
• [2025] [ICCV 25] VQ-VLA: Improving Vision-Language-Action Models via Scaling Vector-Quantized Action Tokenizers [paper] [project]
• [2025] Evo-0: Vision-Language-Action Model with Implicit Spatial Understanding [paper] [project]
• [2025] AC-DiT: Adaptive Coordination Diffusion Transformer for Mobile Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] MultiGen: Using Multimodal Generation in Simulation to Learn Multimodal Policies in Real [paper]
• [2025] [ICCV 25] DexVLG: Dexterous Vision-Language-Grasp Model at Scale [paper] [project]
• [2025] cVLA: Towards Efficient Camera-Space VLAs [paper]
• [2025] VOTE: Vision-Language-Action Optimization with Trajectory Ensemble Voting [paper] [project]
• [2025] Tactile-VLA: Unlocking Vision-Language-Action Model's Physical Knowledge for Tactile Generalization [paper]
• [2025] EgoVLA: Learning Vision-Language-Action Models from Egocentric Human Videos [paper] [project]
• [2025] [ICCV 25] CombatVLA: An Efficient Vision-Language-Action Model for Combat Tasks in 3D Action Role-Playing Games [paper] [project]
• [2025] Being-H0: Vision-Language-Action Pretraining from Large-Scale Human Videos [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Vision-Language-Action Instruction Tuning: From Understanding to Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] VLA-Touch: Enhancing Vision-Language-Action Models with Dual-Level Tactile Feedback [paper] [code]
• [2025] H-RDT: Human Manipulation Enhanced Bimanual Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Pixel Motion as Universal Representation for Robot Control [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] villa-X: Enhancing Latent Action Modeling in Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] ReconVLA: Reconstructive Vision-Language-Action Model as Effective Robot Perceiver [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] GeoVLA: Empowering 3D Representations in Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Grounding Actions in Camera Space: Observation-Centric Vision-Language-Action Policy [paper]
• [2025] Embodied-R1: Reinforced Embodied Reasoning for General Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] FlowVLA: Thinking in Motion with a Visual Chain of Thought [paper] [project]
• [2025] CogVLA: Cognition-Aligned Vision-Language-Action Model via Instruction-Driven Routing & Sparsification [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] Long-VLA: Unleashing Long-Horizon Capability of Vision Language Action Model for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Discrete Diffusion VLA: Bringing Discrete Diffusion to Action Decoding in Vision-Language-Action Policies [paper]
• [2025] TTF-VLA: Temporal Token Fusion via Pixel-Attention Integration for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper]
• [2025] EmbodiedOneVision: Interleaved Vision-Text-Action Pretraining for General Robot Control [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Galaxea Open-World Dataset and G0 Dual-System VLA Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] FPC-VLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework with a Supervisor for Failure Prediction and Correction [paper] [project]
• [2025] F1: A Vision-Language-Action Model Bridging Understanding and Generation to Actions [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] LLaDA-VLA: Vision Language Diffusion Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] SpecPrune-VLA: Accelerating Vision-Language-Action Models via Action-Aware Self-Speculative Pruning [paper]
• [2025] OccVLA: Vision-Language-Action Model with Implicit 3D Occupancy Supervision [paper]
• [2025] SimpleVLA-RL: Scaling VLA Training via Reinforcement Learning [paper] [code]
• [2025] VLA-Adapter: An Effective Paradigm for Tiny-Scale Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] TA-VLA: Elucidating the Design Space of Torque-aware Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Eva-VLA: Evaluating Vision-Language-Action Models’ Robustness Under Real-World Physical Variations [paper]
• [2025] Bi-VLA: Bilateral Control-Based Imitation Learning via Vision-Language Fusion for Action Generation [paper] [project]
• [2025] VLA-RFT: Vision-Language-Action Reinforcement Fine-tuning with Verified Rewards in World Simulators [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Cross-Platform Scaling of Vision-Language-Action Models from Edge to Cloud GPUs [paper]
• [2025] VLA-Reasoner: Empowering Vision-Language-Action Models with Reasoning via Online Monte Carlo Tree Search [paper]
• [2025] RLinf-VLA: A Unified and Efficient Framework for VLA+RL Training [paper] [huggingface] [code]
• [2025] MetaVLA: Unified Meta Co-training For Efficient Embodied Adaption [paper]
• [2025] [NeurIPS 25] What Can RL Bring to VLA Generalization? An Empirical Study [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Verifier-free Test-Time Sampling for Vision Language Action Models [paper]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] RoboMonkey: Scaling Test-Time Sampling and Verification for Vision-Language-Action Models [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] X-VLA: Soft-Prompted Transformer as Scalable Cross-Embodiment Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] InternVLA-M1: A Spatially Guided Vision-Language-Action Framework for Generalist Robot Policy [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Spatial Forcing: Implicit Spatial Representation Alignment for Vision-language-action Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] D2E: Scaling Vision-Action Pretraining on Desktop Data for Transfer to Embodied AI [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] BiTLA: A Bimanual Tactile-Language-Action Model for Contact-Rich Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Running VLAs at Real-time Speed [paper]
• [2025] Dual-Stream Diffusion for World-Model Augmented Vision-Language-Action Model [paper]
• [2025] NORA-1.5: A Vision-Language-Action Model Trained using World Model and Action-based Preference Rewards [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] RynnVLA-002: A Unified Vision-Language-Action and World Model [paper] [code]
• [2025] NORA-1.5: A Vision-Language-Action Model Trained using World Model and Action-based Preference Rewards [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] MLA: A Multisensory Language-Action Model for Multimodal Understanding and Forecasting in Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] DualVLA: Building a Generalizable Embodied Agent via Partial Decoupling of Reasoning and Action [paper] [project]
• [2025] VideoVLA: Video Generators Can Be Generalizable Robot Manipulators [paper] [project]
• [2025] HiMoE-VLA: Hierarchical Mixture-of-Experts for Generalist Vision-Language-Action Policies [paper] [code]
• [2025] [Physical Intelligence] Training-Time Action Conditioning for Efficient Real-Time Chunking [paper]
• [2025] X-VLA: Soft-Prompted Transformer as Scalable Cross-Embodiment Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Scalable Vision-Language-Action Model Pretraining for Robotic Manipulation with Real-Life Human Activity Videos [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Mixture of Horizons in Action Chunking [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] InternVLA-A1: Unifying Understanding, Generation and Action for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]

2024

• [2024] [Physical Intelligence] π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Control [paper]
• [2024] [ICLR 25] RDT-1B: a Diffusion Foundation Model for Bimanual Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2024] [CoRL 24] OpenVLA: An Open-Source Vision-Language-Action Model [paper] [project]
• [2024] MiniVLA: A Better VLA with a Smaller Footprint [paper] [project]
• [2024] [RSS 24] Octo: An Open-Source Generalist Robot Policy [paper] [project]
• [2024] [ICRA 24 Best Paper] Open X-Embodiment: Robotic Learning Datasets and RT-X Models [paper] [project]
• [2024] RT-H: Action Hierarchies Using Language [paper]
• [2024] Towards Generalist Robot Policies: What Matters in Building Vision-Language-Action Models [paper]
• [2024] Baku: An Efficient Transformer for Multi-Task Policy Learning [paper]
• [2024] Multimodal Diffusion Transformer: Learning Versatile Behavior from Multimodal Goals [paper]
• [2024] TinyVLA: Towards Fast, Data-Efficient Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Diffusion-VLA: Scaling Robot Foundation Models via Unified Diffusion and Autoregression [paper]
• [2024] CogACT: A Foundational Vision-Language-Action Model for Synergizing Cognition and Action in Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] 3D-VLA: A 3D Vision-Language-Action Generative World Model [paper]
• [2024] Bi-VLA: Vision-Language-Action Model-Based System for Bimanual Robotic Dexterous Manipulations [paper]
• [2024] An Embodied Generalist Agent in 3D World [paper]
• [2024] RoboMM: All-in-One Multimodal Large Model for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] SpatialBot: Precise Spatial Understanding with Vision Language Models [paper]
• [2024] Depth Helps: Improving Pre-trained RGB-based Policy with Depth Information Injection [paper]
• [2024] HiRT: Enhancing Robotic Control with Hierarchical Robot Transformers [paper]
• [2024] LLaRA: Supercharging Robot Learning Data for Vision-Language Policy [paper]
• [2024] RoboUniView: Visual-Language Model with Unified View Representation for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Robotic Control via Embodied Chain-of-Thought Reasoning [paper]
• [2024] GR-2: A Generative Video-Language-Action Model with Web-Scale Knowledge for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Latent Action Pretraining from Videos [paper]
• [2024] DeeR-VLA: Dynamic Inference of Multimodal Large Language Models for Efficient Robot Execution [paper]
• [2024] RT-Affordance: Affordances are Versatile Intermediate Representations for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] TraceVLA: Visual Trace Prompting Enhances Spatial-Temporal Awareness for Generalist Robotic Policies [paper]
• [2024] Robot Utility Models: General Policies for Zero-Shot Deployment in New Environments [paper]
• [2024] Moto: Latent Motion Token as the Bridging Language for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] RoboPoint: A Vision-Language Model for Spatial Affordance Prediction for Robotics [paper]
• [2024] Yell At Your Robot: Improving On-the-Fly from Language Corrections [paper]
• [2024] Any-point Trajectory Modeling for Policy Learning [paper]
• [2024] Run-time Observation Interventions Make Vision-Language-Action Models More Visually Robust [paper]
• [2024] RoboNurse-VLA: Robotic Scrub Nurse System based on Vision-Language-Action Model [paper]
• [2024] Actra: Optimized Transformer Architecture for Vision-Language-Action Models in Robot Learning [paper]
• [2024] QUAR-VLA: Vision-Language-Action Model for Quadruped Robots [paper]
• [2024] RoboNurse-VLA: Robotic Scrub Nurse System based on Vision-Language-Action Model [paper]
• [2024] DeeR-VLA: Dynamic Inference of Multimodal Large Language Models for Efficient Robot Execution [paper]
• [2024] General Flow as Foundation Affordance for Scalable Robot Learning [paper] [project]

2023

• [2023] RT-1: Robotics Transformer for Real-World Control at Scale [paper]
• [2023] RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Control [paper]
• [2023] PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Control [paper]
• [2023] Vision-Language Foundation Models as Effective Robot Imitators [paper]
• [2023] Unleashing Large-Scale Video Generative Pre-training for Visual Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2023] Zero-Shot Robotic Manipulation with Pretrained Image-Editing Diffusion Models [paper]
• [2023] Learning Universal Policies via Text-Guided Video Generation [paper]
• [2023] Learning to Act from Actionless Videos through Dense Correspondences [paper]
• [2023] Compositional Foundation Models for Hierarchical Planning [paper]
• [2023] VIMA: General Robot Manipulation with Multimodal Prompts [paper]
• [2023] Prompt a Robot to Walk with Large Language Models [paper]
• [2023] Look Before You Leap: Unveiling the Power of GPT-4V in Robotic Vision-Language Planning [paper]

🚶 Vision Language Navigation (VLN) Models

2025

• [2025] [RA-L 25] ApexNav: An Adaptive Exploration Strategy for Zero-Shot Object Navigation with Target-centric Semantic Fusion [paper] [project]
• [2025] LOVON: Legged Open-Vocabulary Object Navigator [paper] [project]
• [2025] [IJRR 25] Multimodal Spatial Language Maps for Robot Navigation and Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] NaVILA: Legged Robot Vision-Language-Action Model for Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learned Perceptive Forward Dynamics Model for Safe and Platform-aware Robotic Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Semantic Mapping in Indoor Embodied AI - A Comprehensive Survey and Future Directions [paper]
• [2025] VL-Nav: Real-time Vision-Language Navigation with Spatial Reasoning [paper]
• [2025] TRAVEL: Training-Free Retrieval and Alignment for Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] VR-Robo: A Real-to-Sim-to-Real Framework for Visual Robot Navigation and Locomotion [paper]
• [2025] NavigateDiff: Visual Predictors are Zero-Shot Navigation Assistants [paper]
• [2025] MapNav: A Novel Memory Representation via Annotated Semantic Maps for VLM-based Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] OpenFly: A Versatile Toolchain and Large-scale Benchmark for Aerial Vision-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] Ground-level Viewpoint Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments [paper]
• [2025] WMNav: Integrating Vision-Language Models into World Models for Object Goal Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Dynamic Path Navigation for Motion Agents with LLM Reasoning [paper]
• [2025] SmartWay: Enhanced Waypoint Prediction and Backtracking for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] Vi-LAD: Vision-Language Attention Distillation for Socially-Aware Robot Navigation in Dynamic Environments [paper]
• [2025] UniGoal: Towards Universal Zero-shot Goal-oriented Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] PanoGen++: Domain-Adapted Text-Guided Panoramic Environment Generation for Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] Do Visual Imaginations Improve Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents? [paper] [project]
• [2025] HA-VLN: A Benchmark for Human-Aware Navigation in Discrete-Continuous Environments with Dynamic Multi-Human Interactions, Real-World Validation, and an Open Leaderboard [paper] [project]
• [2025] FlexVLN: Flexible Adaptation for Diverse Vision-and-Language Navigation Tasks [paper]
• [2025] P3Nav: A Unified Framework for Embodied Navigation Integrating Perception, Planning, and Prediction [paper]
• [2025] Unseen from Seen: Rewriting Observation-Instruction Using Foundation Models for Augmenting Vision-Language Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] COSMO: Combination of Selective Memorization for Low-cost Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] ForesightNav: Learning Scene Imagination for Efficient Exploration [paper] [project]
• [2025] CityNavAgent: Aerial Vision-and-Language Navigation with Hierarchical Semantic Planning and Global Memory [paper] [project]
• [2025] NavDP: Learning Sim-to-Real Navigation Diffusion Policy with Privileged Information Guidance [paper]
• [2025] VISTA: Generative Visual Imagination for Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] Dynam3D: Dynamic Layered 3D Tokens Empower VLM for Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Aux-Think: Exploring Reasoning Strategies for Data-Efficient Vision-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] Active Test-time Vision-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] BeliefMapNav: 3D Voxel-Based Belief Map for Zero-Shot Object Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] OctoNav: Towards Generalist Embodied Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Grounded Vision-Language Navigation for UAVs with Open-Vocabulary Goal Understanding [paper] [project]
• [2025] DyNaVLM: Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation System with Dynamic Viewpoints and Self-Refining Graph Memory [paper]
• [2025] TopV-Nav: Unlocking the Top-View Spatial Reasoning Potential of MLLM for Zero-shot Object Navigation [paper]
• [2025] CorrectNav: Self-Correction Flywheel Empowers Vision-Language-Action Navigation Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] GC-VLN: Instruction as Graph Constraints for Training-free Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Embodied Navigation Foundation Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] Search-TTA: A Multimodal Test-Time Adaptation Framework for Visual Search in the Wild [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] JanusVLN: Decoupling Semantics and Spatiality with Dual Implicit Memory for Vision-Language Navigation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] TrackVLA++: Unleashing Reasoning and Memory Capabilities in VLA Models for Embodied Visual Tracking [paper] [project]
• [2025] Ground Slow, Move Fast: A Dual-System Foundation Model for Generalizable Vision-and-Language Navigation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] OmniVLA: An Omni-Modal Vision-Language-Action Model for Robot Navigation [paper] [project] [code]

2024

• [2024] CANVAS: Commonsense-Aware Navigation System for Intuitive Human-Robot Interaction [paper] [project] [code]
• [2024] [RSS 24] Navid: Video-based vlm plans the next step for vision-and-language navigation [paper]
• [2024] The One RING: a Robotic Indoor Navigation Generalist [paper]
• [2024] Mobility VLA: Multimodal Instruction Navigation with Long-Context VLMs and Topological Graphs [paper]

2023

• [2023] Bridging Zero-shot Object Navigation and Foundation Models through Pixel-Guided Navigation Skill [paper]
• [2023] [CVPR 23] Adaptive Zone-Aware Hierarchical Planner for Vision-Language Navigation [paper]

🎬 Vision Action (VA) Models

2026

• [2025] [ICLR 26] Compose Your Policies! Improving Diffusion-based or Flow-based Robot Policies via Test-time Distribution-level Composition [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] PointWorld: Scaling 3D World Models for In-The-Wild Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2026] X-Distill: Cross-Architecture Vision Distillation for Visuomotor Learning [paper] [project]
• [2026] Contact-Aware Neural Dynamics [paper]

2025

• [2025] [TRO] Hierarchical Diffusion Policy: Manipulation Trajectory Generation Via Contact Guidance [paper] [code]
• [2025] [CoRL] ManiFlow: A General Robot Manipulation Policy via Consistency Flow Training [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Flow Matching Policy Gradients [paper] [project]
• [2025] VITA: Vision-To-Action Flow Matching Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Steering Your Diffusion Policy with Latent Space Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] [ByteDance Seed] Chain-of-Action: Trajectory Autoregressive Modeling for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Unified Video Action Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CoRL 25 Oral] Streaming Flow Policy: Simplifying diffusion/flow-matching policies by treating action trajectories as flow trajectories [paper] [project]
• [2025] Modality-Composable Diffusion Policy via Inference-Time Distribution-level Composition [paper] [project]
• [2025] Adapt3R: Adaptive 3D Scene Representation for Domain Transfer in Imitation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] BEHAVIOR Robot Suite: Streamlining Real-World Whole-Body Manipulation for Everyday Household Activities [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Reactive Diffusion Policy: Slow-Fast Visual-Tactile Policy Learning for Contact-Rich Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Robotic World Model: A Neural Network Simulator for Robust Policy Optimization in Robotics [paper]
• [2025] You Only Teach Once: Learn One-Shot Bimanual Robotic Manipulation from Video Demonstrations [paper]
• [2025] ASAP: Aligning Simulation and Real-World Physics for Learning Agile Humanoid Whole-Body Skills [paper]
• [2025] VILP: Imitation Learning with Latent Video Planning [paper]
• [2025] Learning the RoPEs: Better 2D and 3D Position Encodings with STRING [paper]
• [2025] When Pre-trained Visual Representations Fall Short: Limitations in Visuo-Motor Robot Learning [paper]
• [2025] RoboGrasp: A Universal Grasping Policy for Robust Robotic Control [paper]
• [2025] CordViP: Correspondence-based Visuomotor Policy for Dexterous Manipulation in Real-World [paper]
• [2025] Learning to Group and Grasp Multiple Objects [paper]
• [2025] Beyond Behavior Cloning: Robustness through Interactive Imitation and Contrastive Learning [paper]
• [2025] COMBO-Grasp: Learning Constraint-Based Manipulation for Bimanual Occluded Grasping [paper]
• [2025] DexTrack: Towards Generalizable Neural Tracking Control for Dexterous Manipulation from Human References [paper]
• [2025] S2-Diffusion: Generalizing from Instance-level to Category-level Skills in Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] MTDP: Modulated Transformer Diffusion Policy Model [paper]
• [2025] FUNCTO: Function-Centric One-Shot Imitation Learning for Tool Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] RHINO: Learning Real-Time Humanoid-Human-Object Interaction from Human Demonstrations [paper]
• [2025] Responsive Noise-Relaying Diffusion Policy: Responsive and Efficient Visuomotor Control [paper]
• [2025] Learning a High-quality Robotic Wiping Policy Using Systematic Reward Analysis and Visual-Language Model Based Curriculum [paper]
• [2025] IMLE Policy: Fast and Sample Efficient Visuomotor Policy Learning via Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimation [paper]
• [2025] X-IL: Exploring the Design Space of Imitation Learning Policies [paper]
• [2025] Towards Fusing Point Cloud and Visual Representations for Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] Pick-and-place Manipulation Across Grippers Without Retraining: A Learning-optimization Diffusion Policy Approach [paper]
• [2025] FACTR: Force-Attending Curriculum Training for Contact-Rich Policy Learning [paper]
• [2025] DemoGen: Synthetic Demonstration Generation for Data-Efficient Visuomotor Policy Learning [paper]
• [2025] Human2Robot: Learning Robot Actions from Paired Human-Robot Videos [paper]
• [2025] AnyDexGrasp: General Dexterous Grasping for Different Hands with Human-level Learning Efficiency [paper]
• [2025] COMPASS: Cross-embOdiment Mobility Policy via ResiduAl RL and Skill Synthesis [paper]
• [2025] Retrieval Dexterity: Efficient Object Retrieval in Clutters with Dexterous Hand [paper]
• [2025] From planning to policy: distilling Skill-RRT for long-horizon prehensile and non-prehensile manipulation [paper]
• [2025] FetchBot: Object Fetching in Cluttered Shelves via Zero-Shot Sim2Real [paper]
• [2025] Point Policy: Unifying Observations and Actions with Key Points for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] FuseGrasp: Radar-Camera Fusion for Robotic Grasping of Transparent Objects [paper]
• [2025] Sensor-Invariant Tactile Representation [paper]
• [2025] Generalist World Model Pre-Training for Efficient Reinforcement Learning [paper]
• [2025] ProDapt: Proprioceptive Adaptation using Long-term Memory Diffusion [paper] [project]
• [2025] Falcon: Fast Visuomotor Policies via Partial Denoising [paper]
• [2025] HGDiffuser: Efficient Task-Oriented Grasp Generation via Human-Guided Grasp Diffusion Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] SHADOW: Leveraging Segmentation Masks for Cross-Embodiment Policy Transfer [paper] [project]
• [2025] Phantom: Training Robots Without Robots Using Only Human Videos [paper] [project]
• [2025] General Force Sensation for Tactile Robot [paper]
• [2025] Action Tokenizer Matters in In-Context Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] AVR: Active Vision-Driven Robotic Precision Manipulation with Viewpoint and Focal Length Optimization [paper] [project]
• [2025] FRMD: Fast Robot Motion Diffusion with Consistency-Distilled Movement Primitives for Smooth Action Generation [paper]
• [2025] Variable-Friction In-Hand Manipulation for Arbitrary Objects via Diffusion-Based Imitation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learning Dexterous In-Hand Manipulation with Multifingered Hands via Visuomotor Diffusion [paper] [project]
• [2025] RGBSQGrasp: Inferring Local Superquadric Primitives from Single RGB Image for Graspability-Aware Bin Picking [paper] [project]
• [2025] ArticuBot: Learning Universal Articulated Object Manipulation Policy via Large Scale Simulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] SRSA: Skill Retrieval and Adaptation for Robotic Assembly Tasks [paper] [project]
• [2025] GAGrasp: Geometric Algebra Diffusion for Dexterous Grasping [paper] [project]
• [2025] OPG-Policy: Occluded Push-Grasp Policy Learning with Amodal Segmentation [paper]
• [2025] RA-DP: Rapid Adaptive Diffusion Policy for Training-Free High-frequency Robotics Replanning [paper]
• [2025] Robotic Compliant Object Prying Using Diffusion Policy Guided by Vision and Force Observations [paper] [project]
• [2025] CoinRobot: Generalized End-to-end Robotic Learning for Physical Intelligence [paper]
• [2025] Persistent Object Gaussian Splat (POGS) for Tracking Human and Robot Manipulation of Irregularly Shaped Objects [paper] [project]
• [2025] How to Train Your Robots? The Impact of Demonstration Modality on Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] One-Shot Dual-Arm Imitation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] GAT-Grasp: Gesture-Driven Affordance Transfer for Task-Aware Robotic Grasping [paper]
• [2025] Enhanced View Planning for Robotic Harvesting: Tackling Occlusions with Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] ES-Parkour: Advanced Robot Parkour with Bio-inspired Event Camera and Spiking Neural Network [paper]
• [2025] NIL: No-data Imitation Learning by Leveraging Pre-trained Video Diffusion Models [paper]
• [2025] World Modeling Makes a Better Planner: Dual Preference Optimization for Embodied Task Planning [paper]
• [2025] RILe: Reinforced Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] HumanoidPano: Hybrid Spherical Panoramic-LiDAR Cross-Modal Perception for Humanoid Robots [paper]
• [2025] Distillation-PPO: A Novel Two-Stage Reinforcement Learning Framework for Humanoid Robot Perceptive Locomotion [paper]
• [2025] Trinity: A Modular Humanoid Robot AI System [paper]
• [2025] LiPS: Large-Scale Humanoid Robot Reinforcement Learning with Parallel-Series Structures [paper]
• [2025] Elastic Motion Policy: An Adaptive Dynamical System for Robust and Efficient One-Shot Imitation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learning Gentle Grasping Using Vision, Sound, and Touch [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboCopilot: Human-in-the-loop Interactive Imitation Learning for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Rethinking Bimanual Robotic Manipulation: Learning with Decoupled Interaction Framework [paper]
• [2025] MoE-Loco: Mixture of Experts for Multitask Locomotion [paper] [project]
• [2025] Humanoid Policy ~ Human Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Dense Policy: Bidirectional Autoregressive Learning of Actions [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learning to Play Piano in the Real World [paper] [project]
• [2025] CCDP: Composition of Conditional Diffusion Policies with Guided Sampling [paper] [project]
• [2025] DyWA: Dynamics-adaptive World Action Model for Generalizable Non-prehensile Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] AdaWorld: Learning Adaptable World Models with Latent Actions [paper] [project]
• [2025] Visuo-Tactile Object Pose Estimation for a Multi-Finger Robot Hand with Low-Resolution In-Hand Tactile Sensing [paper]
• [2025] Empirical Analysis of Sim-and-Real Cotraining Of Diffusion Policies For Planar Pushing from Pixels [paper]
• [2025] ManipTrans: Efficient Dexterous Bimanual Manipulation Transfer via Residual Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Sim-and-Real Co-Training: A Simple Recipe for Vision-Based Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] HACTS: a Human-As-Copilot Teleoperation System for Robot Learning [paper]
• [2025] ZeroMimic: Distilling Robotic Manipulation Skills from Web Videos [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learning Coordinated Bimanual Manipulation Policies using State Diffusion and Inverse Dynamics Models [paper]
• [2025] Unified World Models: Coupling Video and Action Diffusion for Pretraining on Large Robotic Datasets [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboAct-CLIP: Video-Driven Pre-training of Atomic Action Understanding for Robotics [paper]
• [2025] Slot-Level Robotic Placement via Visual Imitation from Single Human Video [paper] [project]
• [2025] Robust Dexterous Grasping of General Objects from Single-view Perception [paper] [project]
• [2025] Two by Two: Learning Multi-Task Pairwise Objects Assembly for Generalizable Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] ZeroGrasp: Zero-Shot Shape Reconstruction Enabled Robotic Grasping [paper] [project]
• [2025] Novel Demonstration Generation with Gaussian Splatting Enables Robust One-Shot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Grasping Deformable Objects via Reinforcement Learning with Cross-Modal Attention to Visuo-Tactile Inputs [paper]
• [2025] Few-Shot Vision-Language Action-Incremental Policy Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Latent Diffusion Planning for Imitation Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Physically Consistent Humanoid Loco-Manipulation using Latent Diffusion Models [paper]
• [2025] PRISM-DP: Spatial Pose-based Observations for Diffusion-Policies via Segmentation, Mesh Generation, and Pose Tracking [paper]
• [2025] Rethinking Latent Representations in Behavior Cloning: An Information Bottleneck Approach for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Predictive Inverse Dynamics Models are Scalable Learners for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Fast Flow-based Visuomotor Policies via Conditional Optimal Transport Couplings [paper] [project]
• [2025] KineDex: Learning Tactile-Informed Visuomotor Policies via Kinesthetic Teaching for Dexterous Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] CLAM: Continuous Latent Action Models for Robot Learning from Unlabeled Demonstrations [paper] [project]
• [2025] H3DP: Triply-Hierarchical Diffusion Policy for Visuomotor Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] UniSkill: Imitating Human Videos via Cross-Embodiment Skill Representations [paper] [project]
• [2025] Learning Long-Context Diffusion Policies via Past-Token Prediction [paper] [project]
• [2025] DataMIL: Selecting Data for Robot Imitation Learning with Datamodels [paper] [project]
• [2025] [ICLR 25] Efficient Diffusion Transformer Policies with Mixture of Expert Denoisers for Multitask Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] IN-RIL: Interleaved Reinforcement and Imitation Learning for Policy Fine-Tuning [paper] [project]
• [2025] NVSPolicy: Adaptive Novel-View Synthesis for Generalizable Language-Conditioned Policy Learning [paper]
• [2025] EmbodiedMAE: A Unified 3D Multi-Modal Representation for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] FlowDreamer: A RGB-D World Model with Flow-based Motion Representations for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Conditioning Matters: Training Diffusion Policies is Faster Than You Think [paper]
• [2025] H2R: A Human-to-Robot Data Augmentation for Robot Pre-training from Videos [paper]
• [2025] GLOVER++: Unleashing the Potential of Affordance Learning from Human Behaviors for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Zero-Shot Visual Generalization in Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Object-Centric Representations Improve Policy Generalization in Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] LaDi-WM: A Latent Diffusion-based World Model for Predictive Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] GraspMolmo: Generalizable Task-Oriented Grasping via Large-Scale Synthetic Data Generation [paper] [project]
• [2025] A Practical Guide for Incorporating Symmetry in Diffusion Policy [paper]
• [2025] Adaptive Visuo-Tactile Fusion with Predictive Force Attention for Dexterous Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] EquAct: An SE(3)-Equivariant Multi-Task Transformer for Open-Loop Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Spatial RoboGrasp: Generalized Robotic Grasping Control Policy [paper]
• [2025] Learning Generalizable Robot Policy with Human Demonstration Video as a Prompt [paper]
• [2025] [AAAI 25] FlowPolicy: Enabling Fast and Robust 3D Flow-Based Policy via Consistency Flow Matching for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Object-centric 3D Motion Field for Robot Learning from Human Videos [paper] [project]
• [2025] Evaluating Robot Policies in a World Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] 3DFlowAction: Learning Cross-Embodiment Manipulation from 3D Flow World Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] SpikePingpong: High-Frequency Spike Vision-based Robot Learning for Precise Striking in Table Tennis Game [paper]
• [2025] SAIL: Faster-than-Demonstration Execution of Imitation Learning Policies [paper] [project]
• [2025] Gondola: Grounded Vision Language Planning for Generalizable Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Touch begins where vision ends: Generalizable policies for contact-rich manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] AMPLIFY: Actionless Motion Priors for Robot Learning from Videos [paper] [project]
• [2025] GAF: Gaussian Action Field as a Dynamic World Model for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Tactile Beyond Pixels: Multisensory Touch Representations for Robot Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Latent Action Diffusion for Cross-Embodiment Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Vision in Action: Learning Active Perception from Human Demonstrations [paper] [project]
• [2025] [IROS 25] Robust Instant Policy: Leveraging Student’s t-Regression Model for Robust In-context Imitation Learning of Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [RSS 25] Dex1B: Learning with 1B Demonstrations for Dexterous Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] DemoDiffusion: One-Shot Human Imitation using pre-trained Diffusion Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] World4Omni: A Zero-Shot Framework from Image Generation World Model to Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] ViTacFormer: Learning Cross-Modal Representation for Visuo-Tactile Dexterous Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [ICCV 25] Spatial-Temporal Aware Visuomotor Diffusion Policy Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] Reinforcement Learning with Action Chunking [paper] [project]
• [2025] Mean Flow Tames Policy Learning in 1-step for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Diffusion-Based Imaginative Coordination for Bimanual Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Look, Focus, Act: Efficient and Robust Robot Learning via Human Gaze and Foveated Vision Transformers [paper] [project]
• [2025] PinchBot: Long-Horizon Deformable Manipulation with Guided Diffusion Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Video Generators Are Robot Policies [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [IROS 25] Real-time Iteration Scheme for Diffusion Policy [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] DiWA: Diffusion Policy Adaptation with World Models [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] FreqPolicy: Efficient Flow-based Visuomotor Policy via Frequency Consistency [paper]
• [2025] 3D FlowMatch Actor: Unified 3D Policy for Singleand Dual-Arm Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] Self-Guided Action Diffusion [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] FBI: Learning Dexterous In-hand Manipulation with Dynamic Visuotactile Shortcut Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] Spatial Policy: Guiding Visuomotor Robotic Manipulation with Spatial-Aware Modeling and Reasoning [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] ManipDreamer3D : Synthesizing Plausible Robotic Manipulation Video with Occupancy-aware 3D Trajectory [paper]
• [2025] [CoRL 25] CLASS: Contrastive Learning via Action Sequence Supervision for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project] [code]
• [2025] 3D Flow Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Generating Flow in 3D Space [paper] [project]
• [2025] [NeurIPS 25] GauDP: Reinventing Multi-Agent Collaboration through Gaussian-Image Synergy in Diffusion Policies [paper] [project]

2024

• [2024] Learning Robotic Manipulation Policies from Point Clouds with Conditional Flow Matching [paper]
• [2024] Point Cloud Matters: Rethinking the Impact of Different Observation Spaces on Robot Learning [paper]
• [2024] [RSS 25] 3D Diffusion Policy: Generalizable Visuomotor Policy Learning via Simple 3D Representations [paper]
• [2024] Sparse diffusion policy: A sparse, reusable, and flexible policy for robot learning [paper]
• [2024] ManiCM: Real-time 3D Diffusion Policy via Consistency Model for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] 3d diffuser actor: Policy diffusion with 3d scene representations [paper]
• [2024] [ICLR 25] Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization [paper]
• [2024] Language-Guided Object-Centric Diffusion Policy for Collision-Aware Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] EquiBot: SIM(3)-Equivariant Diffusion Policy for Generalizable and Data Efficient Learning [paper]
• [2024] Equivariant Diffusion Policy [paper]
• [2024] [IROS 25] Mamba Policy: Towards Efficient 3D Diffusion Policy with Hybrid Selective State Models [paper]
• [2024] Generalizable Humanoid Manipulation with Improved 3D Diffusion Policies [paper]
• [2024] Motion Before Action: Diffusing Object Motion as Manipulation Condition [paper]
• [2024] One-Step Diffusion Policy: Fast Visuomotor Policies via Diffusion Distillation [paper]
• [2024] Consistency policy: Accelerated visuomotor policies via consistency distillation [paper]
• [2024] SPOT: SE(3) Pose Trajectory Diffusion for Object-Centric Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Few-Shot Task Learning through Inverse Generative Modeling [paper]
• [2024] G3Flow: Generative 3D Semantic Flow for Pose-aware and Generalizable Object Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Towards Synergistic, Generalized, and Efficient Dual-System for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Diffusion Policy Attacker: Crafting Adversarial Attacks for Diffusion-based Policies [paper]
• [2024] Imagination Policy: Using Generative Point Cloud Models for Learning Manipulation Policies [paper]
• [2024] Equivariant diffusion policy [paper]
• [2024] Scaling diffusion policy in transformer to 1 billion parameters for robotic manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Data Scaling Laws in Imitation Learning for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Hierarchical Diffusion Policy for Kinematics-Aware Multi-Task Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Equivariant diffusion policy [paper]
• [2024] Learning universal policies via text-guided video generation [paper]
• [2024] Crossway Diffusion: Improving Diffusion-based Visuomotor Policy via Self-supervised Learning [paper]
• [2024] 3D Diffuser Actor: Policy Diffusion with 3D Scene Representations [paper]
• [2024] Act3D: 3D Feature Field Transformers for Multi-Task Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] GenDP: 3D Semantic Fields for Category-Level Generalizable Diffusion Policy [paper]
• [2024] Lift3D Foundation Policy: Lifting 2D Large-Scale Pretrained Models for Robust 3D Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Prediction with Action: Visual Policy Learning via Joint Denoising Process [paper]
• [2024] Video Prediction Policy: A Generalist Robot Policy with Predictive Visual Representations [paper]
• [2024] Bidirectional Decoding: Improving Action Chunking via Closed-Loop Resampling [paper]
• [2024] Streaming Diffusion Policy: Fast Policy Synthesis with Variable Noise Diffusion Models [paper]
• [2024] CARP: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Coarse-to-Fine Autoregressive Prediction [paper]
• [2024] In-Context Imitation Learning via Next-Token Prediction [paper] [project]
• [2024] Learning Diffusion Policies from Demonstrations For Compliant Contact-rich Manipulation [paper]

2023

• [2023] Diffusion policy: Visuomotor policy learning via action diffusion [paper]
• [2023] Exploring Visual Pre-training for Robot Manipulation: Datasets, Models and Methods [paper]

🧠 Other Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM)-based/related Embodied Learning

2026

• [2026] RoboReward: General-purpose Vision-Language Reward Models for Robotics [paper] [project]

2025

• [2025] [ICRA 25 Best Paper Finalist] UAD: Unsupervised Affordance Distillation for Generalization in Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [NVIDIA] Cosmos-Reason1: From Physical Common Sense To Embodied Reasoning [paper] [project]
• [2025] EmbodiedVSR: Dynamic Scene Graph-Guided Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Visual Spatial Tasks [paper]
• [2025] RoboDexVLM: Visual Language Model-Enabled Task Planning and Motion Control for Dexterous Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Reflective Planning: Vision-Language Models for Multi-Stage Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] RoboGrasp: A Universal Grasping Policy for Robust Robotic Control [paper]
• [2025] VLP: Vision-Language Preference Learning for Embodied Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] 3D-AffordanceLLM: Harnessing Large Language Models for Open-Vocabulary Affordance Detection in 3D Worlds [paper]
• [2025] CLEA: Closed-Loop Embodied Agent for Enhancing Task Execution in Dynamic Environments [paper]
• [2025] TRACE: A Self-Improving Framework for Robot Behavior Forecasting with Vision-Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] AffordGrasp: In-Context Affordance Reasoning for Open-Vocabulary Task-Oriented Grasping in Clutter [paper] [project]
• [2025] Code-as-Symbolic-Planner: Foundation Model-Based Robot Planning via Symbolic Code Generation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Large Language Models as Natural Selector for Embodied Soft Robot Design [paper] [project]
• [2025] OVAMOS: A Framework for Open-Vocabulary Multi-Object Search in Unknown Environments [paper]
• [2025] Bridging VLM and KMP: Enabling Fine-grained robotic manipulation via Semantic Keypoints Representation [paper]
• [2025] FlowPlan: Zero-Shot Task Planning with LLM Flow Engineering for Robotic Instruction Following [paper] [project]
• [2025] UAV-VLRR: Vision-Language Informed NMPC for Rapid Response in UAV Search and Rescue [paper] [video]
• [2025] UAV-VLPA: A Vision-Language-Path-Action System for Optimal Route Generation on a Large Scales [paper]
• [2025] Afford-X: Generalizable and Slim Affordance Reasoning for Task-oriented Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Towards Autonomous Reinforcement Learning for Real-World Robotic Manipulation with Large Language Models [paper] [video]
• [2025] LensDFF: Language-enhanced Sparse Feature Distillation for Efficient Few-Shot Dexterous Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Learning Generalizable Language-Conditioned Cloth Manipulation from Long Demonstrations [paper] [project]
• [2025] Look Before You Leap: Using Serialized State Machine for Language Conditioned Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Perceiving, Reasoning, Adapting: A Dual-Layer Framework for VLM-Guided Precision Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] AutoSpatial: Visual-Language Reasoning for Social Robot Navigation through Efficient Spatial Reasoning Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] AffordDexGrasp: Open-set Language-guided Dexterous Grasp with Generalizable-Instructive Affordance [paper] [project]
• [2025] Self-Corrective Task Planning by Inverse Prompting with Large Language Models [paper]
• [2025] HELM: Human-Preferred Exploration with Language Models [paper]
• [2025] SafePlan: Leveraging Formal Logic and Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Enhanced Safety in LLM-based Robotic Task Planning [paper]
• [2025] Graphormer-Guided Task Planning: Beyond Static Rules with LLM Safety Perception [paper]
• [2025] RoboDesign1M: A Large-scale Dataset for Robot Design Understanding [paper]
• [2025] STAR: A Foundation Model-driven Framework for Robust Task Planning and Failure Recovery in Robotic Systems [paper]
• [2025] MatchMaker: Automated Asset Generation for Robotic Assembly [paper]
• [2025] Object-Centric World Model for Language-Guided Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] KUDA: Keypoints to Unify Dynamics Learning and Visual Prompting for Open-Vocabulary Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] IMPACT : Intelligent Motion Planning with Acceptable Contact Trajectories via Vision-Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Multi-Agent LLM Actor-Critic Framework for Social Robot Navigation [paper] [project]
• [2025] PhysVLM: Enabling Visual Language Models to Understand Robotic Physical Reachability [paper]
• [2025] MetaFold: Language-Guided Multi-Category Garment Folding Framework via Trajectory Generation and Foundation Model [paper]
• [2025] NVP-HRI: Zero Shot Natural Voice and Posture-based Human-Robot Interaction via Large Language Model [paper] [project]
• [2025] MindEye-OmniAssist: A Gaze-Driven LLM-Enhanced Assistive Robot System for Implicit Intention Recognition and Task Execution [paper]
• [2025] HybridGen: VLM-Guided Hybrid Planning for Scalable Data Generation of Imitation Learning [paper]
• [2025] Free-form language-based robotic reasoning and grasping [paper] [project]
• [2025] Mitigating Cross-Modal Distraction and Ensuring Geometric Feasibility via Affordance-Guided, Self-Consistent MLLMs for Food Preparation Task Planning [paper]
• [2025] VISO-Grasp: Vision-Language Informed Spatial Object-centric 6-DoF Active View Planning and Grasping in Clutter and Invisibility [paper]
• [2025] Diffusion Dynamics Models with Generative State Estimation for Cloth Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] GraspCoT: Integrating Physical Property Reasoning for 6-DoF Grasping under Flexible Language Instructions [paper]
• [2025] Safety Aware Task Planning via Large Language Models in Robotics [paper]
• [2025] LLM+MAP: Bimanual Robot Task Planning using Large Language Models and Planning Domain Definition Language [paper] [project]
• [2025] Leveraging Language Models for Out-of-Distribution Recovery in Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboEngine: Plug-and-Play Robot Data Augmentation with Semantic Robot Segmentation and Background Generation [paper] [project]
• [2025] IRef-VLA: A Benchmark for Interactive Referential Grounding with Imperfect Language in 3D Scenes [paper]
• [2025] Cooking Task Planning using LLM and Verified by Graph Network [paper]
• [2025] Context-Aware Human Behavior Prediction Using Multimodal Large Language Models: Challenges and Insights [paper]
• [2025] Visual Environment-Interactive Planning for Embodied Complex-Question Answering [paper]
• [2025] GROVE: A Generalized Reward for Learning Open-Vocabulary Physical Skill [paper] [project]
• [2025] Embodied-Reasoner: Synergizing Visual Search, Reasoning, and Action for Embodied Interactive Tasks [paper] [project]
• [2025] Grounding Multimodal LLMs to Embodied Agents that Ask for Help with Reinforcement Learning [paper]
• [2025] EmbodiedAgent: A Scalable Hierarchical Approach to Overcome Practical Challenge in Multi-Robot Control [paper]
• [2025] Trajectory Adaptation Using Large Language Models [paper]
• [2025] Chain-of-Modality: Learning Manipulation Programs from Multimodal Human Videos with Vision-Language-Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] SAS-Prompt: Large Language Models as Numerical Optimizers for Robot Self-Improvement [paper] [project]
• [2025] Identifying Uncertainty in Self-Adaptive Robotics with Large Language Models [paper]
• [2025] Robotic Visual Instruction [paper]
• [2025] DeCo: Task Decomposition and Skill Composition for Zero-Shot Generalization in Long-Horizon 3D Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] LLM-based Interactive Imitation Learning for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Dynamic Robot Tool Use with Vision Language Models [paper]
• [2025] RoBridge: A Hierarchical Architecture Bridging Cognition and Execution for General Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Embodied-R: Collaborative Framework for Activating Embodied Spatial Reasoning in Foundation Models via Reinforcement Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] From Seeing to Doing: Bridging Reasoning and Decision for Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Real-Time Verification of Embodied Reasoning for Generative Skill Acquisition [paper]
• [2025] RoboRefer: Towards Spatial Referring with Reasoning in Vision-Language Models for Robotics [paper] [project]
• [2025] Visual Embodied Brain: Let Multimodal Large Language Models See, Think, and Control in Spaces [paper] [project]
• [2025] RobotSmith: Generative Robotic Tool Design for Acquisition of Complex Manipulation Skills [paper] [project]
• [2025] CASPER: Inferring Diverse Intents for Assistive Teleoperation with Vision Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] FrankenBot: Brain-Morphic Modular Orchestration for Robotic Manipulation with Vision-Language Models [paper]
• [2025] RoboPearls: Editable Video Simulation for Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboBrain 2.0 Technical Report [paper] [project]
• [2025] Experience is the Best Teacher: Grounding VLMs for Robotics through Self-Generated Memory [paper]
• [2025] OpenNav: Open-World Navigation with Multimodal Large Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] Has GPT-5 Achieved Spatial Intelligence? An Empirical Study [paper]

2024

• [2024] Building Cooperative Embodied Agents Modularly with Large Language Models [paper] [project]
• [2024] AIC MLLM: Autonomous Interactive Correction MLLM for Robust Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] OmniManip: Towards General Robotic Manipulation via Object-Centric Interaction Primitives as Spatial Constraints [paper]
• [2024] Grasp What You Want: Embodied Dexterous Grasping System Driven by Your Voice [paper]
• [2024] Towards Open-World Grasping with Large Vision-Language Models [paper]
• [2024] ThinkGrasp: A Vision-Language System for Strategic Part Grasping in Clutter [paper]
• [2024] MultiPLY: A Multisensory Object-Centric Embodied Large Language Model in 3D World [paper]
• [2024] Physically Grounded Vision-Language Models for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2024] Eureka: Human-Level Reward Design via Coding Large Language Models [paper]
• [2024] Towards Efficient LLM Grounding for Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration [paper]
• [2024] Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordances [paper]

2023

• [2023] LLM-Planner: Few-Shot Grounded Planning for Embodied Agents with Large Language Models [paper]
• [2023] LLM+P: Empowering Large Language Models with Optimal Planning Proficiency [paper]
• [2023] Code as Policies: Language Model Programs for Embodied Control [paper]

2022

• [2022] Inner Monologue: Embodied Reasoning through Planning with Language Models [paper]

Physics-aware Policy

• [2025] Surface-Based Manipulation [paper]

Sim-to-Real Transfer

• [2025] RE3SIM: Generating High-Fidelity Simulation Data via 3D-Photorealistic Real-to-Sim for Robotic Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] VR-Robo: A Real-to-Sim-to-Real Framework for Visual Robot Navigation and Locomotion [paper]
• [2025] A Real-to-Sim-to-Real Approach to Robotic Manipulation with VLM-Generated Iterative Keypoint Rewards [paper]
• [2025] A Distributional Treatment of Real2Sim2Real for Vision-Driven Deformable Linear Object Manipulation [paper]
• [2025] Sim-to-Real Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Dexterous Manipulation on Humanoids [paper] [project]
• [2025] Impact of Static Friction on Sim2Real in Robotic Reinforcement Learning [paper]
• [2025] Few-shot Sim2Real Based on High Fidelity Rendering with Force Feedback Teleop [paper]
• [2025] An Real-Sim-Real (RSR) Loop Framework for Generalizable Robotic Policy Transfer with Differentiable Simulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] Real2Render2Real: Scaling Robot Data Without Dynamics Simulation or Robot Hardware [paper] [project]

Benchmark

• [2025] RoboTwin 2.0: A Scalable Data Generator and Benchmark with Strong Domain Randomization for Robust Bimanual Robotic Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboArena: Distributed Real-World Evaluation of Generalist Robot Policies [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboCerebra: A Large-scale Benchmark for Long-horizon Robotic Manipulation Evaluation [paper] [project]
• [2025] DivScene: Benchmarking LVLMs for Object Navigation with Diverse Scenes and Objects [paper] [project]
• [2025] EWMBENCH: Evaluating Scene, Motion, and Semantic Quality in Embodied World Models [paper] [project]
• [2025] ManipBench: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models for Low-Level Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] [CVPR 25] RoboTwin: Dual-Arm Robot Benchmark with Generative Digital Twins [paper] [project]
• [2025] LocoMuJoCo [documentation] [project]
• [2025] RoboVerse: Towards a Unified Platform, Dataset and Benchmark for Scalable and Generalizable Robot Learning [paper] [project]
• [2025] AutoEval: Autonomous Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies in the Real World [paper] [project]
• [2025] RoboFactory: Exploring Embodied Agent Collaboration with Compositional Constraints [paper] [project]
• [2025] OpenFly: A Versatile Toolchain and Large-scale Benchmark for Aerial Vision-Language Navigation [paper]
• [2025] BOSS: Benchmark for Observation Space Shift in Long-Horizon Task [paper]
• [2025] OpenBench: A New Benchmark and Baseline for Semantic Navigation in Smart Logistics [paper]
• [2024] EmbSpatial-Bench: Benchmarking Spatial Understanding for Embodied Tasks with Large Vision-Language Models [paper]
• [2024] VLABench: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Language-Conditioned Robotics Manipulation with Long-Horizon Reasoning Task [paper]
• [2024] Towards Diverse Behaviors: A Benchmark for Imitation Learning with Human Demonstrations [paper]

Simulator

• [2025] UnrealZoo: Enriching Photo-realistic Virtual Worlds for Embodied AI [paper] [project] [repo]
• [2025] DexGarmentLab: Dexterous Garment Manipulation Environment with Generalizable Policy [paper] [project]
• [2025] MuBlE: MuJoCo and Blender simulation Environment and Benchmark for Task Planning in Robot Manipulation [paper] [project]
• [2025] MuJoCo Playground [paper]
• [2024] Genesis: A Generative and Universal Physics Engine for Robotics and Beyond [paper]
• [2024] Maniskill V1-V3 [v1] [v2] [v3]
• [2024] Nvidia Isaac [Isaac Lab] [Isaac Sim] [Isaac Gym]
• [2022] Mojoco [document]

Related Works

• Awesome-Astra-Embodied-AI [repo]
• Awesome-WAM [repo]
• OpenWorldLib [repo]
• Awesome World Models [repo]
• Awesome-VLA-Robotics [repo]
• Awesome-VLA-RL [repo]
• Awesome-Robotics-Foundation-Models [repo]
• Awesome VLA for Robotics [repo]
• Awesome-Generalist-Agents [repo]
• Awesome-LLM-Robotics [repo]
• Awesome World Models for Robotics [repo]
• Awesome-VLA-Post-Training [repo]
• Awesome-BFM-Papers [repo]
• Awesome-Physical-AI [repo]
• Awesome VLA Study [repo]
• Physical AI Atlas — open dataset (CC BY 4.0) of the physical AI ecosystem: humanoid robots, industrial platforms, VLA models, embedded chips, simulators and labs, bilingual FR/EN and dated per entry [repo] [site]

Star History