utmconfigs

Config files for booting Mac OS on UTM emulator for macOS (possibly for iPadOS as well).

To use these files, you'll need an installed copy of UTM.app for macOS from https://mac.getutm.app (or iOS) or from https://github.com/utmapp/UTM/releases for unstable releases, and you'll need to provide your own installation media; a basic unformatted qcow2 disk image is provided as the install target. I've tested the configs with UTM 2, UTM 3 and UTM 4, on macOS for M-Series Macs and they work (with the exception of particular configs that won't work on older versions, as indicated). The following instructions assume you're installing on macOS on an M-series Mac, and will need to be tweaked slightly for iPadOS/iOS. Results may also differ on Intel Macs.

• Copy the .utm file you want to use into /Users/[youruser]/Library/Containers/com.utmapp.UTM/Data/Documents/ . This can be done by double-clicking the unzipped file.
• For macOS 10.13 and up, you can use https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kholia/OSX-KVM/master/fetch-macOS-v2.py (run from Terminal.app using python fetch-macOS-v2.py) to download a base install image. Other installer locations are provided inside the config notes.
• If using full installers instead of just the baseconfig.img files, you can run https://github.com/BITespresso/createinstalliso to convert the .app installers to a bootable .iso. Note that these can now all be converted from an M-series Mac.
• Someone has set up automation for building ISO images directly from installers on Apple's servers: https://github.com/LongQT-sea/macos-iso-builder/releases/ - this allows you to just download a pre-built ISO of your choosing (10.7 and up) if it's available, or run the build script to create your own, directly from Apple's servers.
• Inside the UTM interface, select your virtual machine, Select the CD/DVD drop-down, click Browse, and open the img/iso file you downloaded with fetch-macOS-v2.py (or some other way).
• Start the virtual machine. You may need to enter Disk Utility and format the included drive image prior to running your installation if a drive target is not available in the install window. Disk Utility is available in a menu item in the installer.

Note: for installing OS X 10.6.8 and up, the certificate is checked to see if it has expired. If your system clock is past the expiry date, the installer will say it can't install on the device. To fix this, open up Terminal from the Utilities menu and type date -u 0101010115 (the last two digits is the year) or adjust the last digits to the year the installer was released, or any year between that and the year the certificate expired. Then quit Terminal and continue your install session. The date will automatically reset once the install is complete.

Note2: On an M1 MBP, I've had issues with keyboard input for all emulated hardware types. I've had to add "-usbdevice keyboard" to the QEMU list for OS X 10.2 and up. UTM already adds a tablet device by default.

Note3: The X86 installs depend on OpenCore EFI to boot correctly. If you want to roll your own with tweaked drivers etc, the latest version is available at https://github.com/acidanthera/OpenCorePkg/releases/ . You'll want to configure your EFI packages similar to how it's been done with https://github.com/khronokernel/khronokernel.github.io/tree/master/Binaries/OpenCore .

System Architecture: m68k

System: Macintosh Quadra 800 (q800)

• Only available in UTM 4.6.3 and later. Custom builds of qemu-system-m68k are available from https://www.emaculation.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=37 . Homebrew QEMU will also work.

OS:

• System 7.1 - Mac OS 8.1 - works with UTM 4.6.3 and later. First versions don't have audio or networking or VirtIO. They do have included ROMs, writeable PRAM, and 1GB HFS HD images. Remember that for 68k Mac OSes, you can boot off of ANY bootable drive, mount the install CD you desire to install, and install from that CD to any formatted partition. So you can boot from System 7.1, mount a 7.6.1 CD that is failing to boot correctly, and install 7.6.1 to a blank HD image.

• System 7.1 - boots and installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• System 7.1.1 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• System 7.1.2 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• System 7.5.3 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Mac OS 7.5.5 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Mac OS 7.6.0 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Mac OS 7.6.1 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Mac OS 8.0 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Mac OS 8.1 - installs to included pre-formatted 1GB HD image.

• Doesn't work in UTM yet (works in QEMU 8.2+):

• A/UX 3.x

System Architecture: PowerPC

System: Mac99 based PowerMAC (mac99)

• currently in UTM via qemu-system-ppc-screamer. Note that this breaks snapshotting (pause button) for PowerPC UTM targets, which is why QEMU doesn't include screamer (audio) support in the official build.

OS:

• all these currently run in qemu-system-ppc-screamer; I need to convert them to UTM configs
• Mac OS 9.0.4 - Requires G4 Cube Install CD (Mac OS ROM >= 5.6) and via=cuda in Machine Properties. No keyboard support even with -usbdevice keyboard. Memory must be greater than 64MB and less than 1024MB. Vanilla QEMU-system-ppc run from the command line doesn't have this issue and is a viable alternative, as is SheepShaver.
• Mac OS 9.1 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS 9.2.1 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS 9.2.2 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X Server 1.2v3 - has issues with g3Beige emulation. Won't boot. Vanilla QEMU-system-ppc run from the command line can overcome these issues.
• Mac OS X Public Beta - Date needs to be set by adding -rtc base="2000-10-01",clock=vm to the QEMU arguments. Requires via=cuda in Machine Properties. First boot must be done with networking disabled, to disable the Apple time server, otherwise NTP clobbers the RTC base and PB refuses to run.
• Mac OS X 10.0 - Requires via=cuda in Machine Properties. Capture and uncapture mouse a few times to get mouse and keyboard input.
• Mac OS X Server 10.0 - Requires via=cuda in Machine Properties. Capture and uncapture mouse a few times to get mouse and keyboard input.
• Mac OS X 10.1 - Requires via=cuda in Machine Properties. Capture and uncapture mouse a few times to get mouse and keyboard input. I needed to set my CPU to G3 to boot.
• Mac OS X Server 10.1 - Requires via=cuda in Machine Properties. Capture and uncapture mouse a few times to get mouse and keyboard input. I needed to set my CPU to G3 to boot.
• Mac OS X 10.2 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X Server 10.2 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X 10.3 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X Server 10.3 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X 10.4 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X Server 10.4 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X 10.5 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard
• Mac OS X Server 10.5 - booting with network and audio with -usbdevice keyboard

System Architecture: i386 (x86)

System: Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) (alias of pc-q35-6.1) (q35) - All OSes below currently not booting past the initial boot stage in UTM.

• Advanced: CPU: Penryn
• Drives: OVMF.bin, Type: ROM; EFI-Legacy.img, Type: Disk Image, Interface: USB
  • or
• Drives: OVMF-32.bin, Type: ROM; EFI-i386.img, Type: Disk Image, Interface: USB
• Mac OS X 10.4
• Mac OS X Server 10.4
• Mac OS X 10.5
• Mac OS X Server 10.5
• Mac OS X 10.6
• Mac OS X Server 10.6

System Architecture: x86_64 (Legacy)

System: Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) (alias of pc-q35-6.1) (q35)

• Advanced: CPU: Penryn with CPU flags sse4.1, sse4.2, ssse3
• Drives: OVMF.bin, Type: ROM; EFI-LEGACY.img, Type: Disk Image, Interface: USB
• Mac OS X 10.6 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, Network: Emulated VLAN, e1000
• Mac OS X Server 10.6 - more complicated setup; essentially, install 10.6, and then over-install with the Server DVD.
• Mac OS X 10.7 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, Network: Emulated VLAN, e1000
• OS X 10.8 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, Network: Emulated VLAN, e1000
• OS X 10.9 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, Network: Emulated VLAN, usb-net
• OS X 10.10 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, no network
• OS X 10.11 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3
• macOS 10.12 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3
• macOS 10.13 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3

System Architecture: x86_64 (Modern)

System: Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) (alias of pc-q35-6.1) (q35)

• Advanced: CPU: Penryn with CPU flags sse4.1, sse4.2, ssse3

• Drives: OVMF.bin, Type: ROM; EFI-LEGACY.img, Type: Disk Image, Interface: USB

• macOS 10.14 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3

• macOS 10.15 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3 - unstable, prone to drive corruption.

• macOS 11 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3 - unstable, prone to drive corruption. NVMe device not compatible with snapshotting.

• macOS 12 - booting with -usbdevice keyboard, network: Emulated VLAN, vmxnet3 - unstable, prone to drive corruption. NVMe device not compatible with snapshotting.

System Architecture: aarch64

System: Apple Virtualizer

• macOS 11 - not compatible
• macOS 12 and up - will download IPSW install image and boot using UTM 3+. No config file provided as UTM automates the entire process already. Can only use raw disk images at this time, so create one of the appropriate size (48GB or larger). Image cannot be resized once it has been created.