Ziqiang Li1, Jiazhen Yan1, Ziwen He1, Kai Zeng2, Weiwei Jiang1, Lizhi Xiong1, Zhangjie Fu1‡
1Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology 2University of Siena
This repository is the official repository of the AIGIBench.
This repository contains the AIGIBench dataset and the evaluated methods.
AIGIBench dataset contains two types of training and 25 test subsets. This dataset has the following advantages:
If this project helps you, please fork, watch, and give a star to this repository.
The training set and testing set used in the paper can be downloaded on Huggingface/Baidu Netdisk.
Each folder contains compressed files. After unzip the file, files under the data root directory can be organized as follows.
AIGIBench introduces two training dataset settings: (i) Setting-I: Training on 144K images generated by ProGAN across four object categories—car, cat, chair, and horse. (ii) Setting-II: Training on 144K images generated by both SD-v1.4 and ProGAN, covering the same four object categories. The data of ProGAN comes from ForenSynths, and the data of sdv1.4 comes from GenImage. In order to maintain the fairness of the training data, we randomly select the sdv1.4 training images of GenImage to keep the same number as ProGAN, and then merge the data. The file directory is as follows:
├── train
│ ├── car
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── cat
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── chair
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── horse
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── sdv1.4
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
├── val
│ ├── ...
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ │ ...
AIGIBench comprehensively tests the performance of the detector and builds a test dataset from five perspectives: GAN-based Noise-to-Image Generation, Diffusion for Text-to-Image Generation, GANs for Deepfake, Diffusion for Personalized Generation, and Open-source Platforms. The file directory is as follows:
├── test
│ ├── ProGAN
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── R3GAN
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── BlendFace
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── InSwap
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── FLUX1-dev
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── Midjourney-V6
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── BLIP
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── Infinite-ID
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── CommunityAI
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── SocialRF
│ │ ├── ...
Note: The test set count in the paper contained some errors, which we are correcting here. Please note that the number of real images and generated images are consistent; only the number of generated images is listed below.
| Generator | Number |
|---|---|
| CommunityAI | 6000 |
| SocialRF | 3000 |
| FaceSwap | 4000 |
| ImSwap | 4000 |
| WFIR | 1000 |
We use the official code for all detection codes and make unified modifications to the input and output. The code we use for training in Setting-II is publicly available above, the corresponding pre-trained checkpoints are publicly available on Huggingface. Of course, if you need the code from the original paper, the following is the corresponding detection code in the paper:
To ensure a fair comparison, we retrain all baseline methods on the Setting-II of AIGIBench.
If your retrained results differ significantly from those shown, please contact us.
| Method | Paper | Ref | R.Acc. | F.Acc. | Acc. | A.P. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNNDetection | CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for now | CVPR 2020 | 98.2 | 11.6 | 54.9 | 67.0 |
| Gram-Net | Global Texture Enhancement for Fake Face Detection In the Wild | CVPR 2020 | 90.5 | 26.6 | 58.6 | 62.4 |
| LGrad | Learning on Gradients: Generalized Artifacts Representation for GAN-Generated Images Detection | CVPR 2023 | 85.8 | 39.6 | 62.9 | 66.6 |
| UniFD | Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Models | CVPR 2023 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 72.5 | 75.6 |
| FreqNet | Frequency-Aware Deepfake Detection: Improving Generalizability through Frequency Space Learning | AAAI 2024 | 65.9 | 66.4 | 66.2 | 70.1 |
| NPR | Rethinking the Up-Sampling Operations in CNN-based Generative Network for Generalizable Deepfake Detection | CVPR 2024 | 93.8 | 41.9 | 67.9 | 73.9 |
| Ladeda | Real-Time Deepfake Detection in the Real-World | Arxiv 2024 | 91.7 | 54.9 | 73.4 | 79.3 |
| DFFreq | Dual Frequency Branch Framework with Reconstructed Sliding Windows Attention for AI-Generated Image Detection | TIFS 2026 | 91.8 | 58.0 | 75.1 | 82.2 |
| C2P-CLIP* | C2P-CLIP: Injecting Category Common Prompt in CLIP to Enhance Generalization in Deepfake Detection | AAAI 2025 | 93.8 | 49.8 | 71.8 | 82.2 |
| AIDE | A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection | ICLR 2025 | 88.1 | 67.0 | 77.6 | 82.7 |
| SAFE | Improving Synthetic Image Detection Towards Generalization: An Image Transformation Perspectives | KDD 2025 | 89.0 | 66.6 | 78.1 | 83.6 |
| VIB-Net | Towards Universal AI-Generated Image Detection by Variational Information Bottleneck Network | CVPR 2025 | 60.6 | 78.1 | 69.3 | 70.9 |
| $D^3$ | $D^3$: Scaling Up Deepfake Detection by Learning from Discrepancy | CVPR 2025 | 81.0 | 46.4 | 63.7 | 68.9 |
| Effort | Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection | ICML 2025 | 96.9 | 57.1 | 77.1 | 87.2 |
| FerretNet | FerretNet: Efficient Synthetic Image Detection via Local Pixel Dependencies | NIPS 2025 | 96.6 | 61.8 | 79.4 | 85.8 |
| LOTA | LOTA: Bit-Planes Guided AI-Generated Image Detection | ICCV 2025 | 89.3 | 65.1 | 77.4 | 83.1 |
| BSF | Beyond Semantic Features: Pixel-level Mapping for Generalized AI-Generated Image Detection | AAAI 2026 | 91.5 | 65.6 | 78.8 | 81.1 |
| LTD | Layer Consistency Matters: Elegant Latent Transition Discrepancy for Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection | CVPR 2026 | 82.0 | 67.7 | 74.9 | 77.6 |
| DGS-Net | DGS-Net: Distillation-Guided Gradient Surgery for CLIP Fine-Tuning in AI-Generated Image Detection | ICML 2026 | 83.0 | 81.5 | 82.3 | 87.8 |
For specific reasons, in the following method, we directly utilize the official pre-trained weights for inference.
| Method | Paper | Ref | R.Acc. | F.Acc. | Acc. | A.P. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDA | Dual Data Alignment Makes AI-Generated Image Detector Easier Generalizable | NIPS 2025 | 93.9 | 69.3 | 81.6 | 90.2 |
@inproceedings{li2025artificial,
title={Is Artificial Intelligence Generated Image Detection a Solved Problem?},
author={Li, Ziqiang and Yan, Jiazhen and He, Ziwen and Zeng, Kai and Jiang, Weiwei and Xiong, Lizhi and Fu, Zhangjie},
booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
year={2025}
}
If you have any question about this project, please feel free to contact 247918horizon@gmail.com
47 commits
Python
99.2%
Ziqiang Li1, Jiazhen Yan1, Ziwen He1, Kai Zeng2, Weiwei Jiang1, Lizhi Xiong1, Zhangjie Fu1‡
1Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology 2University of Siena
This repository is the official repository of the AIGIBench.
This repository contains the AIGIBench dataset and the evaluated methods.
AIGIBench dataset contains two types of training and 25 test subsets. This dataset has the following advantages:
If this project helps you, please fork, watch, and give a star to this repository.
The training set and testing set used in the paper can be downloaded on Huggingface/Baidu Netdisk.
Each folder contains compressed files. After unzip the file, files under the data root directory can be organized as follows.
AIGIBench introduces two training dataset settings: (i) Setting-I: Training on 144K images generated by ProGAN across four object categories—car, cat, chair, and horse. (ii) Setting-II: Training on 144K images generated by both SD-v1.4 and ProGAN, covering the same four object categories. The data of ProGAN comes from ForenSynths, and the data of sdv1.4 comes from GenImage. In order to maintain the fairness of the training data, we randomly select the sdv1.4 training images of GenImage to keep the same number as ProGAN, and then merge the data. The file directory is as follows:
├── train
│ ├── car
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── cat
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── chair
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── horse
│ │ ├── ...
│ ├── sdv1.4
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
├── val
│ ├── ...
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ │ ...
AIGIBench comprehensively tests the performance of the detector and builds a test dataset from five perspectives: GAN-based Noise-to-Image Generation, Diffusion for Text-to-Image Generation, GANs for Deepfake, Diffusion for Personalized Generation, and Open-source Platforms. The file directory is as follows:
├── test
│ ├── ProGAN
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── R3GAN
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── BlendFace
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── InSwap
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── FLUX1-dev
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── Midjourney-V6
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── BLIP
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── Infinite-ID
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ...
│ ├── CommunityAI
│ │ ├── 0_real
│ │ ├── 1_fake
│ ├── SocialRF
│ │ ├── ...
Note: The test set count in the paper contained some errors, which we are correcting here. Please note that the number of real images and generated images are consistent; only the number of generated images is listed below.
| Generator | Number |
|---|---|
| CommunityAI | 6000 |
| SocialRF | 3000 |
| FaceSwap | 4000 |
| ImSwap | 4000 |
| WFIR | 1000 |
We use the official code for all detection codes and make unified modifications to the input and output. The code we use for training in Setting-II is publicly available above, the corresponding pre-trained checkpoints are publicly available on Huggingface. Of course, if you need the code from the original paper, the following is the corresponding detection code in the paper:
To ensure a fair comparison, we retrain all baseline methods on the Setting-II of AIGIBench.
If your retrained results differ significantly from those shown, please contact us.
| Method | Paper | Ref | R.Acc. | F.Acc. | Acc. | A.P. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNNDetection | CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for now | CVPR 2020 | 98.2 | 11.6 | 54.9 | 67.0 |
| Gram-Net | Global Texture Enhancement for Fake Face Detection In the Wild | CVPR 2020 | 90.5 | 26.6 | 58.6 | 62.4 |
| LGrad | Learning on Gradients: Generalized Artifacts Representation for GAN-Generated Images Detection | CVPR 2023 | 85.8 | 39.6 | 62.9 | 66.6 |
| UniFD | Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Models | CVPR 2023 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 72.5 | 75.6 |
| FreqNet | Frequency-Aware Deepfake Detection: Improving Generalizability through Frequency Space Learning | AAAI 2024 | 65.9 | 66.4 | 66.2 | 70.1 |
| NPR | Rethinking the Up-Sampling Operations in CNN-based Generative Network for Generalizable Deepfake Detection | CVPR 2024 | 93.8 | 41.9 | 67.9 | 73.9 |
| Ladeda | Real-Time Deepfake Detection in the Real-World | Arxiv 2024 | 91.7 | 54.9 | 73.4 | 79.3 |
| DFFreq | Dual Frequency Branch Framework with Reconstructed Sliding Windows Attention for AI-Generated Image Detection | TIFS 2026 | 91.8 | 58.0 | 75.1 | 82.2 |
| C2P-CLIP* | C2P-CLIP: Injecting Category Common Prompt in CLIP to Enhance Generalization in Deepfake Detection | AAAI 2025 | 93.8 | 49.8 | 71.8 | 82.2 |
| AIDE | A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection | ICLR 2025 | 88.1 | 67.0 | 77.6 | 82.7 |
| SAFE | Improving Synthetic Image Detection Towards Generalization: An Image Transformation Perspectives | KDD 2025 | 89.0 | 66.6 | 78.1 | 83.6 |
| VIB-Net | Towards Universal AI-Generated Image Detection by Variational Information Bottleneck Network | CVPR 2025 | 60.6 | 78.1 | 69.3 | 70.9 |
| $D^3$ | $D^3$: Scaling Up Deepfake Detection by Learning from Discrepancy | CVPR 2025 | 81.0 | 46.4 | 63.7 | 68.9 |
| Effort | Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection | ICML 2025 | 96.9 | 57.1 | 77.1 | 87.2 |
| FerretNet | FerretNet: Efficient Synthetic Image Detection via Local Pixel Dependencies | NIPS 2025 | 96.6 | 61.8 | 79.4 | 85.8 |
| LOTA | LOTA: Bit-Planes Guided AI-Generated Image Detection | ICCV 2025 | 89.3 | 65.1 | 77.4 | 83.1 |
| BSF | Beyond Semantic Features: Pixel-level Mapping for Generalized AI-Generated Image Detection | AAAI 2026 | 91.5 | 65.6 | 78.8 | 81.1 |
| LTD | Layer Consistency Matters: Elegant Latent Transition Discrepancy for Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection | CVPR 2026 | 82.0 | 67.7 | 74.9 | 77.6 |
| DGS-Net | DGS-Net: Distillation-Guided Gradient Surgery for CLIP Fine-Tuning in AI-Generated Image Detection | ICML 2026 | 83.0 | 81.5 | 82.3 | 87.8 |
For specific reasons, in the following method, we directly utilize the official pre-trained weights for inference.
| Method | Paper | Ref | R.Acc. | F.Acc. | Acc. | A.P. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDA | Dual Data Alignment Makes AI-Generated Image Detector Easier Generalizable | NIPS 2025 | 93.9 | 69.3 | 81.6 | 90.2 |
@inproceedings{li2025artificial,
title={Is Artificial Intelligence Generated Image Detection a Solved Problem?},
author={Li, Ziqiang and Yan, Jiazhen and He, Ziwen and Zeng, Kai and Jiang, Weiwei and Xiong, Lizhi and Fu, Zhangjie},
booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
year={2025}
}
If you have any question about this project, please feel free to contact 247918horizon@gmail.com
47 commits
Python
99.2%