TLS (SSL, x.509) Certificate Generator

tls-gen is an OpenSSL-based tool that generates self-signed x.509 certificates that are meant to be used in development and QA environments.

The project is originally extracted from a number of RabbitMQ test suites.

What It Does

tls-gen generates a self-signed Certificate Authority (CA) certificate and two or more pairs of keys: client and server, all with a single command.

It supports more than one profile that generates certificate chains of different length and "shape".

Private keys can be generated using RSA as well as ECC.

Prerequisites

tls-gen requires

• openssl
• Python 3.6 or later in PATH as python3 (older versions are not supported)
• make
• hostname

Usage

Certificate authorities (CAs) and certificates can form chains. tls-gen provides several "profiles" that produce different kinds of certificate chains:

• Profile 1: a root CA with leaf certificate/key pairs signed by it
• Profile 2: a root CA with multiple shared intermediary certificates and leaf pairs signed by the intermediaries
• Profile 3: a root CA with two intermediary certificates (one for server, one for client) and leaf pairs signed by the intermediaries

Each profile has a sub-directory in repository root. All profiles use the same make targets and directory layouts that are as close as possible.

Profile 1 (Basic Profile)

To generate a CA, client and server private key/certificate pairs, run make from the basic profile directory with the PASSWORD variable providing the passphrase:

cd [path to tls-gen repository]/basic
# pass a private key password using the PASSWORD variable if needed
make

## copy or move files to use hostname-neutral filenames
## such as client_certificate.pem and client_key.pem,
## this step is optional
# make alias-leaf-artifacts

# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

Generated CA certificate as well as client and server certificate and private keys will be under the result directory. Their names will include hostnames. To use "host-neutral" names such as client_certificate.pem and client_key.pem, use

make alias-leaf-artifacts

It is possible to use ECC for leaf keys:

cd [path to tls-gen repository]/basic
# pass a private key password using the PASSWORD variable if needed
make USE_ECC=true ECC_CURVE="prime256v1"
# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

The list of available curves can be obtained with

openssl ecparam -list_curves

Profile 2 (Shared Chained Certificates)

To generate a root CA, 2 shared intermediate CAs, client and server key/certificate pairs, run make from the two_shared_intermediates directory:

# pass a private key password using the PASSWORD variable if needed
make
# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

It is possible to use ECC for intermediate and leaf keys:

make USE_ECC=true ECC_CURVE="prime256v1"
# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

The list of available curves can be obtained with

openssl ecparam -list_curves

Profile 3 (Separate Certificate Chains)

To generate a root CA, 2 intermediate CAs (one for server, one for client), client and server key/certificate pairs, run make from the separate_intermediates directory:

# pass a private key password using the PASSWORD variable if needed
make
# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

It is possible to use ECC for intermediate and leaf keys:

make USE_ECC=true ECC_CURVE="prime256v1"
# results will be under the ./result directory
ls -lha ./result

The list of available curves can be obtained with

openssl ecparam -list_curves

Regeneration

To generate a new set of keys and certificates, use

# pass a private key password using the PASSWORD variable if needed
make regen

The regen target accepts the same variables as gen (default target) above.

Verification

You can verify the generated client and server certificates against the generated CA one with

make verify

Overriding CN (Common Name)

By default, certificate's CN (Common Name) is calculated using hostname.

It is possible to override CN with a make variable:

make CN=secure.mydomain.local

Overriding Certificate Validity Period

By default certificates will be valid for 3650 days (about 10 years). The period can be changed by overriding the DAYS_OF_VALIDITY variable

make DAYS_OF_VALIDITY=365

Generating Expired Certificates

It may be necessary to generate an expired certificate, e.g. to test TLS handshake and peer verification failures. To do so, set the certificate validity in days to a negative value:

make DAYS_OF_VALIDITY=-7

Overriding Number of Private Key Bits

It is possible to override the number of private key bits with a make variable:

make NUMBER_OF_PRIVATE_KEY_BITS=4096

Certificate Information

To display information about generated certificates, use

make info

This assumes the certificates were previously generated.

License

Mozilla Public License, see LICENSE.