Our Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 model has undergone continuous pre-training from the Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1, primarily with the addition of Japanese language data.

| Model | Size | JCommonsenseQA | JEMHopQA | NIILC | JSQuAD | XL-Sum | MGSM | WMT20-en-ja | WMT20-ja-en |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 1-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | ||
| Llama 2 | 7B | 0.3852 | 0.4240 | 0.3410 | 0.7917 | 0.1905 | 0.0760 | 0.1783 | 0.1738 |
| Swallow | 7B | 0.4808 | 0.5078 | 0.5968 | 0.8573 | 0.1830 | 0.1240 | 0.2510 | 0.1511 |
| Swallow-Plus | 7B | 0.5478 | 0.5493 | 0.6030 | 0.8544 | 0.1806 | 0.1360 | 0.2568 | 0.1441 |
| Swallow-NVE | 7B | 0.5433 | 0.5425 | 0.5729 | 0.8684 | 0.2117 | 0.1200 | 0.2405 | 0.1512 |
| Mistral-7B-v0.1 | 7B | 0.7301 | 0.4245 | 0.2722 | 0.8563 | 0.2006 | 0.1760 | 0.1405 | 0.1733 |
| Swallow-MS-7b-v0.1 | 7B | 0.8570 | 0.4915 | 0.5519 | 0.8802 | 0.1988 | 0.2240 | 0.2494 | 0.1667 |
| Llama 2 | 13B | 0.6997 | 0.4415 | 0.4170 | 0.8533 | 0.2139 | 0.1320 | 0.2146 | 0.1982 |
| Swallow | 13B | 0.7837 | 0.5063 | 0.6398 | 0.9005 | 0.2168 | 0.2040 | 0.2720 | 0.1771 |
| Swallow-NVE | 13B | 0.7712 | 0.5438 | 0.6351 | 0.9030 | 0.2294 | 0.2120 | 0.2735 | 0.1817 |
| Llama 2 | 70B | 0.8686 | 0.4656 | 0.5256 | 0.9080 | 0.2361 | 0.3560 | 0.2643 | 0.2398 |
| Swallow | 70B | 0.9348 | 0.6290 | 0.6960 | 0.9176 | 0.2266 | 0.4840 | 0.3043 | 0.2298 |
| Swallow-NVE | 70B | 0.9410 | 0.5759 | 0.7024 | 0.9254 | 0.2758 | 0.4720 | 0.3042 | 0.2322 |
| Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.8347 | 0.5335 | 0.3549 | 0.8847 | 0.2192 | 0.3120 | 0.1970 | 0.1987 |
| Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.9258 | 0.5843 | 0.5687 | 0.9148 | 0.2589 | 0.4360 | 0.2705 | 0.2074 |
| Model | Size | OpenBookQA | TriviaQA | HellaSwag | SQuAD2.0 | XWINO | GSM8K |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | ||
| Llama 2 | 7B | 0.3580 | 0.6265 | 0.5860 | 0.3207 | 0.9049 | 0.1410 |
| Swallow | 7B | 0.3180 | 0.4836 | 0.5308 | 0.3125 | 0.8817 | 0.1130 |
| Swallow-Plus | 7B | 0.3280 | 0.4558 | 0.5259 | 0.3134 | 0.8929 | 0.1061 |
| Swallow-NVE | 7B | 0.3180 | 0.5079 | 0.5329 | 0.2919 | 0.8817 | 0.0986 |
| Mistral-7B-v0.1 | 7B | 0.3660 | 0.7050 | 0.6264 | 0.3799 | 0.9157 | 0.3533 |
| Swallow-MS-7b-v0.1 | 7B | 0.3440 | 0.5976 | 0.5810 | 0.3364 | 0.9037 | 0.2623 |
| Llama 2 | 13B | 0.3760 | 0.7255 | 0.6148 | 0.3681 | 0.9140 | 0.2403 |
| Swallow | 13B | 0.3500 | 0.5852 | 0.5660 | 0.3406 | 0.9075 | 0.2039 |
| Swallow-NVE | 13B | 0.3460 | 0.6025 | 0.5700 | 0.3478 | 0.9006 | 0.1751 |
| Llama 2 | 70B | 0.4280 | 0.8239 | 0.6742 | 0.3770 | 0.9290 | 0.5284 |
| Swallow | 70B | 0.4220 | 0.7756 | 0.6458 | 0.3745 | 0.9204 | 0.4867 |
| Swallow-NVE | 70B | 0.4240 | 0.7817 | 0.6439 | 0.3451 | 0.9256 | 0.4943 |
| Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.3960 | 0.7989 | 0.6678 | 0.3842 | 0.9204 | 0.5747 |
| Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.3740 | 0.7847 | 0.6520 | 0.3801 | 0.9170 | 0.5694 |
Please note that Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 is not derived from Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1, but rather underwent continued pre-training from Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1.
First install additional dependencies in requirements.txt:
pip install -r requirements.txt
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch
model_name = "tokyotech-llm/Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto")
prompt = "東京工業大学の主なキャンパスは、"
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(
prompt,
add_special_tokens=False,
return_tensors="pt"
)
tokens = model.generate(
input_ids.to(device=model.device),
max_new_tokens=128,
temperature=0.99,
top_p=0.95,
do_sample=True,
)
out = tokenizer.decode(tokens[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
print(out)
The following datasets were used for continual pre-training.
The models released here are still in the early stages of our research and development and have not been tuned to ensure outputs align with human intent and safety considerations.
We thank Mistral AI for releasing Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1 under an open license for others to build on.
Our project is supported by the ABCI Large-scale Language Model Building Support Program of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
apache-2.0
Here are the team members:
If you find our work helpful, please feel free to cite us.
@inproceedings{Fujii:COLM2024,
title={Continual Pre-Training for Cross-Lingual LLM Adaptation:
Enhancing Japanese Language Capabilities},
author={Kazuki Fujii and Taishi Nakamura and Mengsay Loem and Hiroki
Iida and Masanari Ohi and Kakeru Hattori and Hirai Shota and Sakae
Mizuki and Rio Yokota and Naoaki Okazaki},
booktitle="Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling",
series={COLM},
pages="(to appear)",
year="2024",
month=oct,
address={University of Pennsylvania, USA},
}
@inproceedings{Okazaki:COLM2024,
title={Building a Large Japanese Web Corpus for Large Language Models},
author={Naoaki Okazaki and Kakeru Hattori and Hirai Shota and Hiroki
Iida and Masanari Ohi and Kazuki Fujii and Taishi Nakamura and Mengsay
Loem and Rio Yokota and Sakae Mizuki},
booktitle="Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling",
series={COLM},
pages="(to appear)",
year="2024",
month=oct,
address={University of Pennsylvania, USA},
}
Our Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 model has undergone continuous pre-training from the Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1, primarily with the addition of Japanese language data.

| Model | Size | JCommonsenseQA | JEMHopQA | NIILC | JSQuAD | XL-Sum | MGSM | WMT20-en-ja | WMT20-ja-en |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 1-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | 4-shot | ||
| Llama 2 | 7B | 0.3852 | 0.4240 | 0.3410 | 0.7917 | 0.1905 | 0.0760 | 0.1783 | 0.1738 |
| Swallow | 7B | 0.4808 | 0.5078 | 0.5968 | 0.8573 | 0.1830 | 0.1240 | 0.2510 | 0.1511 |
| Swallow-Plus | 7B | 0.5478 | 0.5493 | 0.6030 | 0.8544 | 0.1806 | 0.1360 | 0.2568 | 0.1441 |
| Swallow-NVE | 7B | 0.5433 | 0.5425 | 0.5729 | 0.8684 | 0.2117 | 0.1200 | 0.2405 | 0.1512 |
| Mistral-7B-v0.1 | 7B | 0.7301 | 0.4245 | 0.2722 | 0.8563 | 0.2006 | 0.1760 | 0.1405 | 0.1733 |
| Swallow-MS-7b-v0.1 | 7B | 0.8570 | 0.4915 | 0.5519 | 0.8802 | 0.1988 | 0.2240 | 0.2494 | 0.1667 |
| Llama 2 | 13B | 0.6997 | 0.4415 | 0.4170 | 0.8533 | 0.2139 | 0.1320 | 0.2146 | 0.1982 |
| Swallow | 13B | 0.7837 | 0.5063 | 0.6398 | 0.9005 | 0.2168 | 0.2040 | 0.2720 | 0.1771 |
| Swallow-NVE | 13B | 0.7712 | 0.5438 | 0.6351 | 0.9030 | 0.2294 | 0.2120 | 0.2735 | 0.1817 |
| Llama 2 | 70B | 0.8686 | 0.4656 | 0.5256 | 0.9080 | 0.2361 | 0.3560 | 0.2643 | 0.2398 |
| Swallow | 70B | 0.9348 | 0.6290 | 0.6960 | 0.9176 | 0.2266 | 0.4840 | 0.3043 | 0.2298 |
| Swallow-NVE | 70B | 0.9410 | 0.5759 | 0.7024 | 0.9254 | 0.2758 | 0.4720 | 0.3042 | 0.2322 |
| Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.8347 | 0.5335 | 0.3549 | 0.8847 | 0.2192 | 0.3120 | 0.1970 | 0.1987 |
| Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.9258 | 0.5843 | 0.5687 | 0.9148 | 0.2589 | 0.4360 | 0.2705 | 0.2074 |
| Model | Size | OpenBookQA | TriviaQA | HellaSwag | SQuAD2.0 | XWINO | GSM8K |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | 8-shot | ||
| Llama 2 | 7B | 0.3580 | 0.6265 | 0.5860 | 0.3207 | 0.9049 | 0.1410 |
| Swallow | 7B | 0.3180 | 0.4836 | 0.5308 | 0.3125 | 0.8817 | 0.1130 |
| Swallow-Plus | 7B | 0.3280 | 0.4558 | 0.5259 | 0.3134 | 0.8929 | 0.1061 |
| Swallow-NVE | 7B | 0.3180 | 0.5079 | 0.5329 | 0.2919 | 0.8817 | 0.0986 |
| Mistral-7B-v0.1 | 7B | 0.3660 | 0.7050 | 0.6264 | 0.3799 | 0.9157 | 0.3533 |
| Swallow-MS-7b-v0.1 | 7B | 0.3440 | 0.5976 | 0.5810 | 0.3364 | 0.9037 | 0.2623 |
| Llama 2 | 13B | 0.3760 | 0.7255 | 0.6148 | 0.3681 | 0.9140 | 0.2403 |
| Swallow | 13B | 0.3500 | 0.5852 | 0.5660 | 0.3406 | 0.9075 | 0.2039 |
| Swallow-NVE | 13B | 0.3460 | 0.6025 | 0.5700 | 0.3478 | 0.9006 | 0.1751 |
| Llama 2 | 70B | 0.4280 | 0.8239 | 0.6742 | 0.3770 | 0.9290 | 0.5284 |
| Swallow | 70B | 0.4220 | 0.7756 | 0.6458 | 0.3745 | 0.9204 | 0.4867 |
| Swallow-NVE | 70B | 0.4240 | 0.7817 | 0.6439 | 0.3451 | 0.9256 | 0.4943 |
| Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.3960 | 0.7989 | 0.6678 | 0.3842 | 0.9204 | 0.5747 |
| Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 | 8x7B | 0.3740 | 0.7847 | 0.6520 | 0.3801 | 0.9170 | 0.5694 |
Please note that Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1 is not derived from Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1, but rather underwent continued pre-training from Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1.
First install additional dependencies in requirements.txt:
pip install -r requirements.txt
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch
model_name = "tokyotech-llm/Swallow-MX-8x7b-NVE-v0.1"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto")
prompt = "東京工業大学の主なキャンパスは、"
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(
prompt,
add_special_tokens=False,
return_tensors="pt"
)
tokens = model.generate(
input_ids.to(device=model.device),
max_new_tokens=128,
temperature=0.99,
top_p=0.95,
do_sample=True,
)
out = tokenizer.decode(tokens[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
print(out)
The following datasets were used for continual pre-training.
The models released here are still in the early stages of our research and development and have not been tuned to ensure outputs align with human intent and safety considerations.
We thank Mistral AI for releasing Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1 under an open license for others to build on.
Our project is supported by the ABCI Large-scale Language Model Building Support Program of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
apache-2.0
Here are the team members:
If you find our work helpful, please feel free to cite us.
@inproceedings{Fujii:COLM2024,
title={Continual Pre-Training for Cross-Lingual LLM Adaptation:
Enhancing Japanese Language Capabilities},
author={Kazuki Fujii and Taishi Nakamura and Mengsay Loem and Hiroki
Iida and Masanari Ohi and Kakeru Hattori and Hirai Shota and Sakae
Mizuki and Rio Yokota and Naoaki Okazaki},
booktitle="Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling",
series={COLM},
pages="(to appear)",
year="2024",
month=oct,
address={University of Pennsylvania, USA},
}
@inproceedings{Okazaki:COLM2024,
title={Building a Large Japanese Web Corpus for Large Language Models},
author={Naoaki Okazaki and Kakeru Hattori and Hirai Shota and Hiroki
Iida and Masanari Ohi and Kazuki Fujii and Taishi Nakamura and Mengsay
Loem and Rio Yokota and Sakae Mizuki},
booktitle="Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling",
series={COLM},
pages="(to appear)",
year="2024",
month=oct,
address={University of Pennsylvania, USA},
}