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What's New

• [2025.06.06] MiniCPM4 series are released! This model achieves ultimate efficiency improvements while maintaining optimal performance at the same scale! It can achieve over 5x generation acceleration on typical end-side chips! You can find technical report here.🔥🔥🔥

MiniCPM4 Series

MiniCPM4 series are highly efficient large language models (LLMs) designed explicitly for end-side devices, which achieves this efficiency through systematic innovation in four key dimensions: model architecture, training data, training algorithms, and inference systems.

• MiniCPM4-8B: The flagship of MiniCPM4, with 8B parameters, trained on 8T tokens.
• MiniCPM4-0.5B: The small version of MiniCPM4, with 0.5B parameters, trained on 1T tokens.
• MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-FRSpec: Eagle head for FRSpec, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
• MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-FRSpec-QAT-cpmcu: Eagle head trained with QAT for FRSpec, efficiently integrate speculation and quantization to achieve ultra acceleration for MiniCPM4-8B.
• MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-vLLM: Eagle head in vLLM format, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
• MiniCPM4-8B-marlin-Eagle-vLLM: Quantized Eagle head for vLLM format, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
• BitCPM4-0.5B: Extreme ternary quantization applied to MiniCPM4-0.5B compresses model parameters into ternary values, achieving a 90% reduction in bit width.
• BitCPM4-1B: Extreme ternary quantization applied to MiniCPM3-1B compresses model parameters into ternary values, achieving a 90% reduction in bit width.
• MiniCPM4-Survey: Based on MiniCPM4-8B, accepts users' quiries as input and autonomously generate trustworthy, long-form survey papers.
• MiniCPM4-MCP: Based on MiniCPM4-8B, accepts users' queries and available MCP tools as input and autonomously calls relevant MCP tools to satisfy users' requirements.
• MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-unquantized: Int4 version of MiniCPM4-0.5B, trained by QAT and stored in fake quantization style. (<-- you are here)
• MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-GPTQ-format: Int4 version of MiniCPM4-0.5B, trained by QAT and stored in GPTQ format.
• MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-GGUF: Int4 version of MiniCPM4-0.5B in GGUF.

Introduction

MiniCPM 4 is an extremely efficient edge-side large model that has undergone efficient optimization across four dimensions: model architecture, learning algorithms, training data, and inference systems, achieving ultimate efficiency improvements.

• 🏗️ Efficient Model Architecture:

  • InfLLM v2 -- Trainable Sparse Attention Mechanism: Adopts a trainable sparse attention mechanism architecture where each token only needs to compute relevance with less than 5% of tokens in 128K long text processing, significantly reducing computational overhead for long texts

• 🧠 Efficient Learning Algorithms:

  • Model Wind Tunnel 2.0 -- Efficient Predictable Scaling: Introduces scaling prediction methods for performance of downstream tasks, enabling more precise model training configuration search
  • BitCPM -- Ultimate Ternary Quantization: Compresses model parameter bit-width to 3 values, achieving 90% extreme model bit-width reduction
  • Efficient Training Engineering Optimization: Adopts FP8 low-precision computing technology combined with Multi-token Prediction training strategy

• 📚 High-Quality Training Data:

  • UltraClean -- High-quality Pre-training Data Filtering and Generation: Builds iterative data cleaning strategies based on efficient data verification, open-sourcing high-quality Chinese and English pre-training dataset UltraFinweb
  • UltraChat v2 -- High-quality Supervised Fine-tuning Data Generation: Constructs large-scale high-quality supervised fine-tuning datasets covering multiple dimensions including knowledge-intensive data, reasoning-intensive data, instruction-following data, long text understanding data, and tool calling data

• ⚡ Efficient Inference System:

  • CPM.cu -- Lightweight and Efficient CUDA Inference Framework: Integrates sparse attention, model quantization, and speculative sampling to achieve efficient prefilling and decoding
  • ArkInfer -- Cross-platform Deployment System: Supports efficient deployment across multiple backend environments, providing flexible cross-platform adaptation capabilities

Usage

Inference with Transformers

from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch

path = "openbmb/MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-unquantized"
device = "cuda"

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(path, trust_remote_code=True)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(path, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map=device, trust_remote_code=True)

messages = [
    {"role": "user", "content": "推荐5个北京的景点。"},
]
model_inputs = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, return_tensors="pt", add_generation_prompt=True).to(device)

model_outputs = model.generate(
    model_inputs,
    max_new_tokens=1024,
    top_p=0.7,
    temperature=0.7
)

output_token_ids = [
    model_outputs[i][len(model_inputs[i]):] for i in range(len(model_inputs))
]

responses = tokenizer.batch_decode(output_token_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
print(responses)

Inference with vLLM

You can inference MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-unquantized with vLLM:

from transformers import AutoTokenizer
from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams

model_name = "openbmb/MiniCPM4-0.5B-QAT-Int4-unquantized"
prompt = [{"role": "user", "content": "推荐5个北京的景点。"}]

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name, trust_remote_code=True)
input_text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(prompt, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)

llm = LLM(
    model=model_name,
    trust_remote_code=True,
    max_num_batched_tokens=32768,
    dtype="bfloat16", 
    gpu_memory_utilization=0.8, 
)
sampling_params = SamplingParams(top_p=0.7, temperature=0.7, max_tokens=1024, repetition_penalty=1.02)

outputs = llm.generate(prompts=input_text, sampling_params=sampling_params)

print(outputs[0].outputs[0].text)

Evaluation Results

Statement

• As a language model, MiniCPM generates content by learning from a vast amount of text.
• However, it does not possess the ability to comprehend or express personal opinions or value judgments.
• Any content generated by MiniCPM does not represent the viewpoints or positions of the model developers.
• Therefore, when using content generated by MiniCPM, users should take full responsibility for evaluating and verifying it on their own.

LICENSE

• This repository and MiniCPM models are released under the Apache-2.0 License.

Citation

• Please cite our paper if you find our work valuable.

@article{minicpm4,
  title={{MiniCPM4}: Ultra-Efficient LLMs on End Devices},
  author={MiniCPM Team},
  year={2025}
}