CapRL 75K QA Training Dataset

This dataset is the carefully filtered 75K QA training set used by CapRL to train CapRL-3B, a lightweight image captioning model initialized from Qwen2.5-VL-3B. It contains 75,285 samples, where each image is paired with multiple multiple-choice QA items. The dataset is designed for the two-stage CapRL training objective, where caption quality is evaluated through answerability of visual questions.

The QA construction pipeline is fully open-sourced in the CapRL repository: InternLM/CapRL - QA Curation. Images were sourced from the web and existing open-source datasets, including natural scenes, charts, and documents, to maximize variety.

Dataset Schema

Each row has the following fields:

{
    "id": "d976b8c551d62f12920218d54ecb6a58",
    "image": {
        "bytes": b"...",
        "path": None
    },
    "prompt": [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "<image> Please describe this image in detail."
        }
    ],
    "data_source": "image_caption_rl",
    "reward_model": {
        "ground_truth": [
            {
                "question": "Which city is mentioned in the company's address?",
                "choices": [
                    "A) 北京市",
                    "B) 上海市",
                    "C) 惠州市",
                    "D) 广州市"
                ],
                "answer": "C"
            }
        ]
    }
}

CapRL

📖Paper | 🏠Github | 🤗CapRL Collection | 🤗Daily Paper

CapRL Series Model & Dataset

We are excited to release the CapRL 2.0 series: CapRL-Qwen3VL-2B and CapRL-Qwen3VL-4B. These models feature fewer parameters while delivering even more powerful captioning performance. Notably, CapRL-Qwen3VL-2B outperforms both CapRL-Qwen2.5VL-3B and Qwen2.5VL-72B in captioning tasks. This leap in efficiency is driven by our upgraded training recipe, which includes a more rigorous QA data filter and a significantly more diverse image dataset. We welcome everyone to try them out!

CapRL-3B

Now you can try out CapRL-3B with your own images🎨!    ➡️    🌈CapRL Space

When selecting between the available CapRL models, it's essential to consider the trade-off between performance and computational cost. This guide will help you choose the most suitable model for your specific needs:

📢 News

We are working on even stronger base models and upgrading our training recipe — stay tuned!

• 🔥 [04/16/2026] We have released the CapRL-QA-75K training dataset!
• 🔥 [12/24/2025] We are excited to release the CapRL 2.0 series: CapRL-Qwen3VL-2B and CapRL-Qwen3VL-4B!
• 🔥 [12/24/2025] The total downloads of the CapRL-related models and dataset reached 17,000!
• 🔥 [10/15/2025] The total downloads of the CapRL-related models and dataset reached 6,000 within just 20 days!
• 🚀 [10/15/2025] We are excited to announce the release of CapRL-InternVL3.5-8B, whose image captioning capability outperforms Qwen2.5-VL-72B!
• 🚀 [10/15/2025] Thanks mradermacher for the valuable contribution! CapRL-3B-GGUF is the static quants version, and CapRL-3B-i1-GGUF is weighted/imatrix quants version.
• 🚀 [10/15/2025] We release QA curation code.
• 🚀 [09/25/2025] We release CapRL repository, CapRL-3B model, evaluation code and dataset.

Introduction

We are excited to introduce CapRL-3B, a lightweight 3B image captioner that achieves perception capabilities comparable to Qwen2.5-VL-72B.

This is the first study of applying Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards for the open-ended and subjective image captioning task. Unlike traditional Supervised Fine-Tuning, which can lead to models memorizing a limited set of annotated captions, our method allows the model to explore and generate a broader range of creative and general descriptions. CapRL is a new training paradigm featuring a decoupled two-stage pipeline. The initial stage uses LVLMs to generate rich and accurate captions. Subsequently, the second stage evaluates caption quality by using a vision-only LLM to perform the QA task. We also created a specific QA curation pipeline to ensure the quality of the questions and answers used for the second stage.

By employing the CapRL training framework, initializing with the Qwen2.5-VL-3B model, and using a carefully filtered 75K QA dataset as the training set, we obtained a highly capable captioner, CapRL-3B.

Key Features

• Remarkable visual understanding for Chart, Infographics and Document: CapRL-3B achieves perception accuracy and visual information coverage comparable to Qwen2.5-VL-72B.
• Well-organized output: The outputs of CapRL-3B are relatively well-structured, making them clear and easy to understand.
• Detailed description for natural images: The outputs of CapRL-3B can perfectly cover all valid visual information while containing fewer hallucinations.

Usage

If you want to use CapRL-3B for captioning, you can directly follow the exact same inference approach as in Qwen2.5-VL-series.

We recommend using vLLM to speed up inference.

Start an OpenAI API Service

Run the command below to start an OpenAI-compatible API service:

vllm serve "/PATH/CapRL-3B" \
    --trust-remote-code \
    --tensor-parallel-size=1 \
    --pipeline-parallel-size=1 \
    --gpu_memory_utilization=0.95 \
    --served-model-name=caprl \
    --port 8000 \
    --host 0.0.0.0

Then you can use the chat API as below: (see OpenAI API protocol document for more details):

import base64
from openai import OpenAI
# Set OpenAI's API key and API base to use vLLM's API server.
openai_api_key = "EMPTY"
openai_api_base = "http://localhost:8000/v1"
client = OpenAI(
    api_key=openai_api_key,
    base_url=openai_api_base,
)
image_path = "/path/to/local/image.png"
with open(image_path, "rb") as f:
    encoded_image = base64.b64encode(f.read())
encoded_image_text = encoded_image.decode("utf-8")
base64_qwen = f"data:image;base64,{encoded_image_text}"
chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="caprl",
    messages=[
        {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant."},
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [
                {
                    "type": "image_url",
                    "image_url": {
                        "url": base64_qwen
                    },
                },
                {"type": "text", "text": "What is the text in the illustrate?"},
            ],
        },
    ],
    temperature=1.0,
    max_tokens=max_tokens,
    top_p=1.0,
    extra_body={
        "repetition_penalty": 1.0,
        },
)
print("Chat response:", chat_response)

Cases