Programming, Math, Science

This is a list of links to different freely available learning resources about computer programming, math, and science.

Table of contents

• AI
  • Machine Learning
    • Large Language Models
    • Machine Learning Online Courses
    • Mathematics for Machine Learning
    • Reinforcement learning
  • Computer Games AI
  • Vibe Coding and Spec-Driven Development
• Algorithms
  • Bloom Filters
  • Date-time
  • Diff Algorithms
• Art
• Biology
• Command Line and Tools
  • Curl
  • Linux command line
  • Nix
• Competitions and Interview Preparation Websites
  • Math
    • Preparation Resources
  • Physics
  • Programming
    • Preparation Resources
• Compilers and Interpreters
  • Static Program Analysis
• Computer Graphics
  • Creative Coding
  • Curves and Surfaces
  • DirectX 12
  • Image Processing
    • Dithering
  • Metal
  • OpenGL
  • Ray Tracing
  • Shaders
  • Vulkan
  • WebGPU
• Computer Networks and Network Programming
• Cryptography
• Data Science
• Debuggers
• Databases
  • Databases Development
  • NoSQL
  • SQL
    • MySQL
    • PostgreSQL
    • Oracle
• Demoscene
• Design Patterns
• DevOps
• Digital Signal Processing
• Distributed Systems
• Electronics
• Emulators and Virtual Machines
• Game Programming
  • Game Engines
  • Game Physics
• General Programming
  • Lists of programming projects to try to implement
• Geographic Information Systems
• GUI Programming
• Hardware
• Information Theory
• IQ Tests
• Logical Games
• Low Level Stuff
  • GPU and TPU programming
  • SIMD programming
• Math
  • Algebra
    • Linear Algebra
  • Analysis
  • Calculus
    • Vector Calculus
  • Category Theory
  • Differential Equations
  • Game Theory
  • General problem solving
  • Geometry
    • Differential Geometry
  • Combinatorics
    • Graph Theory
  • High School Math
  • Mathematical Finance
  • Mathematical Logic
  • Measure Theory
  • Number Theory
  • Numerical Analysis
  • Operations Research
  • Probability and Statistics
  • Proofs
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Topology*
• Multithreading and Concurrency
• Music Theory
• Operating Systems
  • Operating Systems Development
• Photography
• Physics
• Programming Languages
  • Ada
  • Assembly
  • Bash
  • Basic
  • C
  • C#
  • C++
  • CMake
  • Cuda
  • D
  • Datalog
  • Erlang
  • Forth
  • Go
    • Network programming in Go
  • Haskell
  • Jai
  • Java
  • JavaScript
  • Lean
  • Lisp dialects
    • Clojure
    • Common Lisp
    • Racket
    • Scheme
  • Nim
  • OCaml
  • Oberon-2
  • Odin
  • Pascal
  • PostScript
  • Prolog
  • Pyret
  • Python
  • R
  • Regular expressions
  • Ruby
  • Rust
  • Smalltalk
  • Ya
  • Zig
• Retrocomputing
  • Advent of Code on retro machines
  • Apple II
  • Commodore 64
  • CP/M
  • DOS
  • Game Boy
  • Mega 65
  • NES
  • ZX Spectrum and Z80 CPU
    • ZX Online Articles
• Reverse engineering
• Robotics
• System programming
• Technical Writing
• Testing
• Text editors
  • Emacs
  • Vim
• Unicode
• Version control tools
• Web programming
  • CSS
  • Django
  • HTML
• Personal Websites and Blogs
  • AI
  • C and C++
  • Game and Graphics Programming
  • Hardware Blogs
  • Math and Physics
  • Mixed Programming
  • Performance and Optimization
  • Web Development
• Other
• Other lists

AI

• Agentic Design Patterns by Antonio Gulli

• Maths, CS & AI Compendium by Henry Ndubuaku

• Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp by Peter Norvig

Machine Learning

• A Brief Introduction to Machine Learning for Engineers by Osvaldo Simeone

• A Brief Introduction to Neural Networks by David Kriesel

• A Comprehensive Guide to Machine Learning by Soroush Nasiriany, Garrett Thomas, William Wang, Alex Yang, Jennifer Listgarten, Anant Sahai [pdf]

• A Course in Machine Learning by Hal Daumé III

• A Gentle Introduction to Graph Neural Networks by Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling, Emily Reif, Adam Pearce and Alexander B. Wiltschko

• Algorithmic Aspects of Machine Learning by Ankur Moitra [pdf]

• Algorithms for Artificial Intelligence by Robert J. Moss [dpf] [Stanford]

• Alice’s Adventures in a differentiable wonderland by Simone Scardapane

• aman.ai - The art of artificial intelligence one concept at a time by Aman Chadha

• An Illustrated Guide to Automatic Sparse Differentiation by Adrian Hill, Guillaume Dalle, and Alexis Montoison

• An Introduction to Statistical Learning by Gareth James, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie, Rob Tibshirani

• Applied Causal Inference Powered by ML and AI by Victor Chernozhukov, Christian Hansen, Nathan Kallus, Martin Spindler, and Vasilis Syrgkanis

• Applied Machine Learning for Tabular Data by Max Kuhn and Kjell Johnson

• Books by Andriy Burkov

  • The Hundred Page Machine Learning Book
  • The Hundred-Page Language Models Book
  • Machine Learning Engineering Book

• Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, 2nd Edition by Richard Szeliski

• Concise Machine Learning by Jonathan Richard Shewchuk [pdf]

• Crash Course in Deep Learning (for Computer Graphics) by Jakub Boksansky [alternative link]

• Data Science and Machine Learning: Mathematical and Statistical Methods by Dirk P. Kroese, Zdravko I. Botev, Thomas Taimre, Radislav Vaisman

• Data-Driven Science and Engineering: Machine Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Control by Steven L. Brunton and J. Nathan Kutz [pdf]

• Deep Learning by Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville

• Deep Learning by Subir Varma and Sanjiv Das

  • Version with Python and R

• Deep Learning Course by François Fleuret

• Deep Learning: Foundations and Concepts by Chris Bishop with Hugh Bishop

• Deep Learning: Foundations, Architectures, and Engineering Practice by Amer Hussein [pdf]

• Deep Learning Interviews by Shlomo Kashani and Amir Ivry

• Deep Learning on Graphs by Yao Ma and Jiliang Tang

• Deep Learning with Python, Second Edition by François Chollet [pdf]

• Dive into Deep Learning

• Dive into Deep Learning Compiler

• Dummy's Guide to Modern LLM Sampling

• Foundations of Computer Vision by Antonio Torralba, Phillip Isola, and William Freeman

• Foundations of Machine Learning by Mehryar Mohri, Afshin Rostamizadeh, and Ameet Talwalkar [MIT]

• GNN From Scratch by **

• Harvard's undergraduate course in Machine Learning by William J. Deuschle

• Introduction to Flow Matching and Diffusion Models by Peter Holderrieth and Ezra Erives

• Introduction to ggml by Xuan Son NGUYEN, Georgi Gerganov and slaren

• Introduction to Machine Learning by Alex Smola and S.V.N. Vishwanathan [pdf]

• Introduction to Machine Learning by Sanjeev Arora, Simon Park, Dennis Jacob and Danqi Chen [Princeton]

• Introduction to Machine Learning [pdf] [MIT]

• Introduction to Machine Learning Interviews by Chip Huyen

• Introduction to Machine Learning Systems by Vijay Janapa Reddi

• Learning Theory from First Principles by Francis Bach [pdf]

• Lecture Notes for Machine Learning and Data Science Courses Information School, University of Washington by Ott Toomet [pdf]

• Lecture Notes for Machine Learning Theory by Tengyu Ma [pdf]

• Machine Learning Engineering Open Book by Stas Bekman

• Machine Learning Lecture Notes by Andrew Ng and Tengyu Ma [pdf] [Stanford]

• Machine Learning Systems by Vijay Janapa Reddi

• Machine learning with neural networks by Bernard Mehling [pdf]

• Neural Networks and Deep Learning by Michael Nielsen

• Natural Language Processing by Sanjiv Ranjan Das

• Notes on AutoGrad by Anton Schreiner

• Patterns, Predictions, and Actions: A story about machine learning by Moritz Hardt and Benjamin Recht

• Physics-based Deep Learning by N. Thuerey, P. Holl, M. Mueller, P. Schnell, F. Trost, K. Um

• Probabilistic Artificial Intelligence by Andreas Krause, Jonas Hübotter

• Probabilistic Machine Learning: An Introduction by Kevin Patrick Murphy

• Probabilistic Machine Learning: Advanced Topics by Kevin Patrick Murphy

• Speech and Language Processing, 3rd edition by Daniel Jurafsky and James H. Martin

• Statistical Learning Theory by Percy Liang [pdf]

• The Elements of Differentiable Programming by Mathieu Blondel and Vincent Roulet

• The Elements of Statistical Learning by Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, and Jerome Friedman

• The Engineer's Guide To Deep Learning by Hironobu Suzuki

• The Little Book of Deep Learning by François Fleuret

• The Little Book of Generative AI Foundations: An Intuitive Mathematical Primer by Tianhua Chen

• The Most Important Machine Learning Equations: A Comprehensive Guide by Chizoba Obasi

• The Principles of Deep Learning Theory by Daniel A. Roberts, Sho Yaida, Boris Hanin

• The Principles of Diffusion Models: From Origins to Advances by Chieh-Hsin Lai, Yang Song, Dongjun Kim, Yuki Mitsufuji, Stefano Ermon

• Theory of Deep Learning by Zhao Song [pdf]

• Tutorial on Diffusion Models for Imaging and Vision by Stanley H. Chan

• Undergraduate Fundamentals of Machine Learning by William J. Deuschle

• Understanding Deep Learning by Simon J.D. Prince

• Understanding Machine Learning: From Theory to Algorithms by Shai Shalev-Shwartz and Shai Ben-David

Large Language Models

• A Visual Guide to Quantization: Demystifying the Compression of Large Language Models by Maarten Grootendorst

• Defeating Nondeterminism in LLM Inference by Horace He

• Foundations of Large Language Models by Tong Xiao and Jingbo Zhu

• How to Scale Your Model: A Systems View of LLMs on TPUs by Jacob Austin, Sholto Douglas, Roy Frostig, Anselm Levskaya, Charlie Chen, and Sharad Vikram

• How to run LLMs on PC at home using Llama.cpp by Tobias Mann

• Language Models Interview Handbook by Lamhot Siagian [pdf]

• LLM Inference Handbook

• Quantization from the ground up by Sam Rose

• The Big Book of Large Language Models by Damien Benveniste

Machine Learning Online Courses

• Google Machine Learning Education

• Neural Networks: Zero to Hero - A course by Andrej Karpathy

• Practical Deep Learning for Coders

Mathematics for Machine Learning

• Linear Algebra for Computer Vision, Robotics, and Machine Learning by Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance [pdf]

• Mathematical Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms by Tong Zhang

• Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning by Robert Nowak [pdf]

• Mathematical Introduction to Deep Learning: Methods, Implementations, and Theory by Arnulf Jentzen, Benno Kuckuck, Philippe von Wurstemberger

• Mathematics for Artificial Intelligence Lecure Notes by Gilles Blanchard [pdf]

• Mathematics for Machine Learning by Marc Peter Deisenroth, A. Aldo Faisal, and Cheng Soon Ong

• Mathematics for Machine Learning by Garrett Thomas [pdf]

• Mathematics for Inference and Machine Learning by Marc Deisenroth and Stefanos Zafeiriou [pdf]

• Mathematics of Machine Learning by Philippe Rigollet

• Mathematics of Machine Learning by Rajen D. Shah

• Mathematics of Neural Networks by Bart M.N. Smets

• Matrix Calculus (for Machine Learning and Beyond) by Paige Bright, Alan Edelman, and Steven G. Johnson

  • MIT course
  • GitHub repository

• Optimization for Data Science by Bernd Gartner, Niao He and Martin Jaggi [pdf]

• Pen and Paper Exercises in Machine Learning by Michael U. Gutmann

• The Matrix Calculus You Need For Deep Learning by Terence Parr and Jeremy Howard

Reinforcement learning

• A Little Bit of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback by Nathan Lambert

• Deep Reinforcement Learning by Aske Plaat

• Deep Reinforcement Learning: Zero to Hero!

• Distributional Reinforcement Learning by Marc G. Bellemare, Will Dabney and Mark Rowland

• Mathematical Foundations of Reinforcement Learning by Shiyu Zhao

• Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Modern Approaches by Stefano V. Albrecht, Filippos Christianos and Lukas Schäfer

• Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction, Second Edition by Richard S. Sutton and Andrew G. Barto

• Reinforcement Learning: An Overview by Kevin Murphy

Computer Games AI

• Artificial Intelligence and Games by Georgios N. Yannakakis and Julian Togelius

• Game AI Pro by Steve Rabin

• Programming Starcraft AI by Peter Kis

Vibe Coding and Spec-Driven Development

• AI-Assisted Coding: A Practical Guide for Software Engineers by Durgesh Rajubhai Pawar

• Basic Claude Code by Harper Reed

• Disciplined AI Software Development by Jay Baleine

• Diving Into Spec-Driven Development With GitHub Spec Kit by Den Delimarsky

• How I program with Agents by David Crawshaw

• How I program with LLMs by David Crawshaw

• How I Use Every Claude Code Feature by Shrivu Shankar

• My LLM codegen workflow atm by Harper Reed

• Spec-driven development with AI: Get started with a new open source toolkit by Den Delimarsky

• The complete guide to Codex by Flavio Copes

• Vibe Coding Terminal Editor by Alex Kladov

Algorithms

• A First Course on Data Structures in Python by Donald R. Sheehy

• Advanced Algorithms by Anupam Gupta [pdf] [CMU]

• Advanced Algorithms by Mohsen Ghaffari [pdf] [ETH]

• Advanced Algorithms by Prof. Michel Goemans [MIT]

• Advanced Algorithm Design by Sanjeev Arora [Princeton] [Fall 2015]

• Advanced Algorithm Design by Pravesh Kothari and Christopher Musco [Princeton] [Fall 2018]

• Advanced Data Structures by Erik Demaine

• Algorithms by Jeff Erickson

• Algorithms by Sariel Har-Peled [pdf]

• Algorithms Course by Prof. Frank Stajano [Cambridge]

• Algorithms, 4th Edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne

• Algorithms and Data Structures by Kurt Mehlhorn and Peter Sanders [pdf]

• Algorithms Books by Mykel J. Kochenderfer

  • Algorithms for Optimization by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, and Tim A. Wheeler
  • Algorithms for Decision Making by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, Tim A. Wheeler, and Kyle H. Wray
  • Algorithms for Validation by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, Sydney M. Katz, Anthony L. Corso, and Robert J. Moss

• Algorithms Design (in C) by Paulo Feofiloff

• Algorithms for Inference by Prof. Devavrat Shah

• Algorithms for Massive Data by Nicola Prezza

• Algorithms for Modern Hardware by Sergey Slotin

• Algorithms in C by Robert Sedgewick [pdf]

• An Open Guide to Data Structures and Algorithms by Paul W. Bible and Lucas Moser

• Approximation Algorithms by Chandra Chekuri [pdf]

• Book of All-pairs Shortest Paths by Oleg Karasik

• Clever Algorithms: Nature-Inspired Programming Recipes by Jason Brownlee

• Collision Detection by Jeff Thompson

• Data Structure Visualizations by David Galles

• Data Structures & Algorithm Analysis by Clifford A. Shaffer

• Data Structures & Algorithms in C++, Second Edition by Michael T. Goodrich, Roberto Tamassia, and David M. Mount [pdf]

• Data Structures for Data-Intensive Applications: Tradeoffs and Design Guidelines by Manos Athanassoulis , Stratos Idreos and Dennis Shasha [pdf]

• Design and Analysis of Algorithms by Nima Anari and Moses Charikar

• Essential Coding Theory by Venkatesan Guruswami, Atri Rudra, and Madhu Sudan

• Exact String Matching Algorithms by Christian Charras and Thierry Lecroq

• Foundations of Data Science by Avrim Blum, John Hopcroft, and Ravindran Kannan [pdf]

• Functional Data Structures and Algorithms: A Proof Assistant Approach by Tobias Nipkow, Jasmin Blanchette, Manuel Eberl, Alejandro Gómez-Londoño, Peter Lammich, Christian Sternagel, Simon Wimmer, Bohua Zhan

• Hello Algo

• How does B-tree make your queries fast? by Mateusz Kuźmik

• Introduction to Algorithms: A Creative Approach by Udi Manber [pdf]

• Introduction to Multi-Armed Bandits by Aleksandrs Slivkins

• Introduction to Parallel Algorithms by Guy E. Blelloch, Laxman Dhulipala, and Yihan Sun [pdf]

• Kalman Filter from the Ground Up by Alex Becker

• Lecture Notes on Quantum Algorithms by Andrew M. Childs [pdf]

• Let's build a Full-Text Search engine by Artem Krylysov

• Matters Computational: Ideas, Algorithms, Source Code by Jörg Arndt [pdf]

• Monte-Carlo Graph Search from First Principles by David J Wu

• Notes on Algorithms by James Aspnes

• Notes on Data Structures and Programming Techniques by James Aspnes

• Notes on Randomized Algorithms by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Open Data Structures by Pat Morin

• Planning Algorithms by Steven M. LaValle

• Principles of Algorithmic Problem Solving by Johan Sannemo

• Problem Solving with Algorithms and Data Structures using Python by Brad Miller and David Ranum

• Purely Functional Data Structures by Chris Okasaki [pdf]

• Sequential and Parallel Data Structures and Algorithms: The Basic Toolbox by Peter Sanders, Kurt Mehlhorn, Martin Dietzfelbinger, and Roman Dementiev

• The Arcane Algorithm Archive

• The Little Book of algorithms by Duc-Tam Nguyen

• The Skyline algorithm for packing 2D rectangles by Julien Vernay

• Think Data Structures by Allen B. Downey

• Tim Roughgarden's Courses and Lecture Notes

  • Algorithmic Game Theory

Bloom Filters

• Bloom Filters by Eli Bendersky

• Bloom Filters by Example

• Let's implement a Bloom Filter by Onat Yiğit Mercan

Date-time

• A Very Fast 64–Bit Date Algorithm by Ben Joffe

Diff Algorithms

• Building Git by James Coglan

  • The Myers diff algorithm
    • Part 1
    • Part 2
    • Part 3
  • Myers diff in linear space
    • Part 1: Theory
    • Part 2: Implementation
  • Merging with diff3
  • Why merges fail and what can be done about it
  • The patience diff algorithm
  • Implementing patience diff

• Diff Algorithms

• Myers Diff Algorithm - Code & Interactive Visualization by Robert Elder

Art

• Pixel art articles and tutorials by Pedro Medeiros

Biology

• Introduction to Genomics for Engineers

• The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants by Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz and Aristid Lindenmayer [pdf]

Command Line and Tools

• A deep dive into Ghostty by Flavio Copes

• A deep dive into tmux by Flavio Copes

• Command Line Handbook by Petr Stribny

• Driving Compilers by Fabien Sanglard

• Getting started with tmux by ittavern

• How I'm still not using GUIs: A guide to the terminal by Lucas Fernandes da Costa

• How is a binary executable organized? Let's explore it! by Julia Evans

• Learn Makefiles: With the tastiest examples by Chase Lambert

• rsync: Series by Michael Stapelberg

• SSH for developers by Flavio Copes

• Terminal colours are tricky by Julia Evans

• The Definitive Guide To Docker

• Use Midnight Commander like a pro by Igor Klimer

• Write a Shell in C by Stephen Brennan

• Writing Programs with NCURSES by Eric S. Raymond and Zeyd M. Ben-Halim

• Writing Your Own Simple Tab-Completions for Bash and Zsh by Li Haoyi

Curl

• Curl Cookbook

• Curl Exercises by Julia Evans

• Mastering curl: interactive text guide by Anton Zhiyanov

Linux command line

• Effective Shell by Dave Kerr

• GameShell: a "game" to teach the Unix shell by Pierre Hyvernat

• Linux command line for you and me by Kushal Das

• The Linux Command Handbook by Flavio Copes

• The Linux Command Line by William Shotts

• Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

Nix

• NixOS & Flakes Book - An unofficial book for beginners by Ryan Yin

• Wombat’s Book of Nix by Amy de Buitléir

Competitions and Interview Preparation Websites

Math

• Erdős

• Erdős Problems

• International Mathematical Olympiad

Preparation Resources

• Easy Putnam Problems [pdf]

• Mathematical Problem Solving by Darij Grinberg

• My Putnam Problems by Avinash Sathaye [pdf]

• Putnam Training Problems [pdf]

• Virginia Tech Regional Mathematics Contest Problems [pdf]

  • Virginia Tech Regional Mathematics Contest Problems Solutions [pdf]

Physics

• International Physics Olympiad

Programming

• Advent of Code - An Advent calendar of small programming puzzles by Eric Wastl

• Code Golf - A site for recreational programming competitions.

• CodeAbbey

• CodeChef

• CodeForces

• Coderbyte

• Codewars

• Codility

• CodingBat - A free site of live coding problems to build coding skill in Java and Python.

• CodinGame

• Daily Programmer

• Edabit

• Exercism

• Hacker Earth

• HackerRank

• International Collegiate Programming Contest

• International Olympiad in Informatics

• Kaggle - ML specific.

• LabEx - Learn Linux, DevOps & Cybersecurity with Hands-on Labs.

• Learn OCaml

• LeetCode

• NeetCode

• Project Euler

• Rosalind - A platform for learning bioinformatics through problem solving.

• Skilled.dev

• Sphere Online Judge

• SQLPad

• takeUforward

• Top Coder

Preparation Resources

• Algorithms for Competitive Programming

• Competitive Programmer's Handbook by Antti Laaksonen

• Competetive Programming by Steven Halim [pdf]

• Competitive Programming in Python: 128 Algorithms to Develop your Coding Skills by Christoph Dürr and Jill-Jênn Vie

Compilers and Interpreters

• A Compiler Writing Journey by Warren

• A practical introduction to parsing by Jan Procházka

• Advanced Compilers: The Self-Guided Online Course by Adrian Sampson

• Build Your Own Lisp by Daniel Holden

• Building a Toy Programming Language in Python by Miguel Grinberg

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Building the fastest Lua interpreter.. automatically! by Haoran Xu

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Building a baseline JIT for Lua automatically

• Compiler Design in C by Allen I. Holub

• Compiling to Assembly from Scratch by Vladimir Keleshev

• Crafting Interpreters by Robert Nystrom

• Creating the Bolt Compiler by Mukul Rathi

• Essentials of Compilation: An Incremental Approach by Geremy G. Siek

• Graal Truffle tutorial by Adam Ruka

• How Clang Compiles a Function by John Regehr

• How LLVM Optimizes a Function by John Regehr

• Introduction to Compilers by Andrew Myers

• Introduction to Compilers and Language Design by Prof. Douglas Thain

• Introduction to parser combinators by James Coglan

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Precedence and associativity in recursive descent
  • Part 3: Packrat parsing: a top-down performance improvement

• Let's Build a Compiler by Jack Crenshaw

• Let's make a Teeny Tiny compiler by Austin Z. Henley

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• Let's Write a Compiler by Brian Robert Callahan

  • Part 1: Introduction, selecting a language, and doing some planning
  • Part 2: A lexer
  • Part 3: A parser
  • Part 4: Testing
  • Part 5: A code generator
  • Part 6: Input and output
  • Part 7: Arrays
  • Part 8: Strings, forward references, and conclusion

• Low-Level Software Security for Compiler Developers by Bill Wendling, Lucian Popescu, and Anders Waldenborg

• Make A Language - A series about making a programming language called Eldiro using the Rust programming language.

• Strategies for very fast Lexers

• Threaded code

• Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python by Theia Vogel

• Writing a C Compiler, in Zig by Rahman Sibahi

Static Program Analysis

• Principles of Program Analysis by Flemming Nielson, Hanne Riis Nielson, and Chris Hankin

• Secure Programming with Static Analysis by Brian Chess and Jacob West

• Static Program Analysis by Anders Møller and Michael I. Schwartzbach

Computer Graphics

• 3D Gaussian Splatting in a Weekend by Benjamin Feldman

• 3D Math Primer for Graphics and Game Development by Fletcher Dunn and Ian Parberry

• A fast and precise triangle rasterizer by Kristoffer Dyrkorn

• A trip through the Graphics Pipeline by Fabian Giesen

• A Quick Introduction to Workgraphs by Kostas Anagnostou

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Performance

• Blocky Planet — Making Minecraft Spherical

• Building Real-Time Global Illumination by Jason McGhee

  • Part 1: Naive GI: A Foundation
  • Part 2: Radiance Cascades

• Collection of AMD Research Publications

• Computer Graphics from Scratch by Gabriel Gambetta

• Crash Course in BRDF Implementation by Jakub Boksansky

• FrostKiwi's Secrets by Wladislav Artsimovich

  • AAA - Analytical Anti-Aliasing
  • How to (and how not to) fix color banding
  • How video games use LUTs and how you can too
  • Video Game Blurs (and how the best one works)

• Fundamentals of Radiance Cascades

• Introduction to Computer Graphics by David J. Eck

• Noise is Beautiful: Part 1: Procedural textures by Stefan Gustavson [pdf]

• Noise is Beautiful by Stefan Gustavson

  • Part 1: Procedural textures [pdf]
  • Part 2: Noise is beautiful [pdf]

• Radiometry: Overview by Christoph Peters

• Rotations with quaternions

• GPU Gems Books Series

  • GPU Gems
  • GPU Gems 2
  • GPU Gems 3

• GPU Performance for Game Artists by Keith O’Conor

• GPU Programming Primitives for Computer Graphics by Daniel Meister, Atsushi Yoshimura, and Chih-Chen Kao

• Implementing a tiny CPU rasterizer by Nikita Lisitsa

• Implementing Order-Independent Transparency by Rubén Osorio López

• Learn Computer Graphics From Scratch

• Let's Make a Voxel Engine

• Lode's Computer Graphics Tutorial by Lode Vandevenne

• Marching Cubes, Explained Using Marching Squares

• Matrix Compendium by Łukasz Izdebski - The main purpose of this article is to gather information in the field of transformation in computer graphics and put it in one place.

• Ocean Rendering, Part 1 - Simulation by Robert Ryan

• Optimizing Software Occlusion Culling by Fabian Giesen

• Order Independent Transparency by Kostas Anagnostou

  • Rasterized
    • Part 1
    • Part 2
    • Part 3
  • Raytraced
    • Part 1
    • Part 2

• Physically Based Rendering in Filament by Romain Guy and Mathias Agopian

• Physically based rendering from first principles

• Physically Based Shading in Theory and Practice by Laurent Belcour, Naty Hoffman, Alain Hostettler, Peter Kutz, Kentaro Suzuki, Hajime Uchimura, Andrea Weidlich, *Kenichiro Yasutomi *

• Probability Theory for Physically Based Rendering by Jacco Bikker

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Rasterising a triangle by Jason Tsorlinis

• RasterTek toturials

• Recreating Nanite by Xavier Niochaut

  • Part 1 - The Plan
  • Part 2 - Visibility buffer
  • Part 3 - Cluster rendering
  • Part 4 - LOD generation
  • Part 5 - A basic material pass
  • Part 6 - LOD generation - faster, better, simpler
  • Part 7 - Runtime LOD selection
  • Part 8 - Mesh shader time
  • Part 9 - Raytracing

• Software rasterizing hair by Marcin Matuszczyk

• Texture-less Text Rendering by Tim Gfrerer

• The Geometry Behind Normal Maps by Shlomi Nissan

• Voxel Engine in a Weekend

• WebGL2 Fundamentals

Creative Coding

• Creative Coding Tutorials and Articles by Etienne Jacob

• Inigo Quilez Website

• Paul Bourke's Website

Curves and Surfaces

• A Primer on Bézier Curves

• Cubic spline interpolation by Eli Bendersky

• Curves and Surfaces by Bartosz Ciechanowski

DirectX 12

• A Gentle Introduction to D3D12 by Alex Tardif

• All Sources of DirectX 12 Documentation by Adam Sawicki

• Compute with DirectX 12 by Stefan Pijnacker

  • Part 1: the Theory
  • Part 2: The Setup

• DirectX-Graphics-Samples

• Getting Started With DirectX Raytracing by Seppe Dekeyser

• GPU Work Graphs mesh nodes in Microsoft DirectX® 12 by Max Oberberger

• Ten Years of D3D12 by Matt Pettineo

Image Processing

Dithering

• Atkinson Dithering by John Earnest

• Dithering in Colour by Niklas Oberhuber

• Dithering on the GPU by Alex Charlton

• Ditherpunk — The article I wish I had about monochrome image dithering by Surma

• Image Dithering: Eleven Algorithms and Source Code by Tanner Helland

• Writing My Own Dithering Algorithm in Racket by Amanvir Parhar

Metal

• Drawing Graphics on Apple Vision with the Metal Rendering API by Georgi Nikolov

• Metal Tutorial by Will Martin

OpenGL

• A Guide to Modern OpenGL Functions

• Best Practices for Modern OpenGL

• Learn OpenGL by Joey de Vries

• Learning Modern 3D Graphics Programming by Jason L. McKesson

• OGLdev: Modern OpenGL tutorials by Etay Meiri

• OpenGL Tutorial

Ray Tracing

• A raycasting engine in 7 easy steps by Austin Z. Henley

• Amanatides and Woo's fast Voxel Traversal

• Demystifying multiple importance sampling by Nikita Lisitsa

• How to build a BVH by Jacco Bikker

• Introduction of the Raytracing Technology

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Physically Based Rendering: From Theory To Implementation by Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys

• Ray-Casting Tutorial For Game Development And Other Purposes by F. Permadi

• Ray Tracing Gems by Eric Haines and Tomas Akenine-Möller

• Ray Tracing Gems II by Adam Marrs, Peter Shirley, and Ingo Wald

• Ray Tracing in One Weekend: The Book Series by Peter Shirley

• Ray Tracing with Voxels in C++ by Jacco Bikker

• Raymarching explained interactively

Shaders

• 3D Game Shaders For Beginners

• A Beginner's Guide to Coding Graphics Shaders by Omar Shehata

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• A Journey Into Shaders by Antoine Mayerowitz

  • Part I: The blob

• GM Shaders - All about shaders for GameMaker!

• Introducing GPU Reshape - shader instrumentation for everyone by Miguel Petersen

• Introduction to Shaders by Karl Bittner

• Learn Shader Programming with Rick and Morty by Daniel Hooper

• Mesh Shaders on RDNA™ Graphics Cards by Max Oberberger, Bastian Kuth and Quirin Meyer

• No More Shading Languages: Compiling C++ to Vulkan Shaders by H. Devillers, M. Kurtenacker*, R. Membarth, S. Lemme, M. Kenzel3, Ö. Yazici1, and P. Slusallek [pdf]

• On Crafting Painterly Shaders

• Post-Processing Shaders as a Creative Medium

• Shaders For People Who Don't Know How To Shader by Manuela Malasaña

• Shader Tutorials by Ronja

• The Best Darn Grid Shader (Yet) by Ben Golus

• The Book of Shaders by Patricio Gonzalez Vivo and Jen Lowe

Vulkan

• A Vulkan introduction by Nikos Papadopoulos

• I Am Graphics And So Can You - a series of blog posts about implementing a Vulkan renderer for Doom 3 by Dustin H. Land

• How I learned Vulkan and wrote a small game engine with it by Elias Daler

• NVIDIA Vulkan Ray Tracing Tutorial by Martin-Karl Lefrançois, Pascal Gautron, Nia Bickford, David Akeley

• Vulkan – Cross platform 3D Graphics

• Vulkan Guide

• Vulkan Raytracing Tutorials

• Vulkan Tutorial by Alexander Overvoorde

• Vulkan Tutorial (Rust) by Kyle Mayes

WebGPU

• Learn WebGPU by Elie Michel

• Learn Wgpu by Ben Hansen

• Migrating from WebGL to WebGPU by Dmitrii Ivashchenko

• WebGPU Fundamentals

• WebGPU Unleashed: A Practical Tutorial by Shi Yan

• Your first WebGPU app by Brandon Jones and François Beaufort

Computer Networks and Network Programming

• A comprehensive guide for Linux Network (Socket) programming

• An Introduction to Computer Networks by Peter L. Dordal

• Computer Networks: A Systems Approach by Larry Peterson and Bruce Davie

• Computer Networking : Principles, Protocols and Practice, 4th edition by Olivier Bonaventure

• Concurrent Servers by Eli Bendersky

  • Part 1 - Introduction
  • Part 2 - Threads
  • Part 3 - Event-driven
  • Part 4 - libuv
  • Part 5 - Redis case study
  • Part 6 - Callbacks, Promises and async/await

• HTTP2 Explained by Daniel Stenberg

• HTTP/3 explained by Daniel Stenberg

• Implementing fast TCP fingerprinting with eBPF by Alberto Ventafridda

• Implementing TCP In Rust by Ghvst Code

• Let's code a TCP/IP stack by Sami Niiranen

  • Part 1: Ethernet & ARP
  • Part 2: IPv4 & ICMPv4
  • Part 3: TCP Basics & Handshake
  • Part 4: TCP Data Flow & Socket API
  • Part 5: TCP Retransmission

• Mediocre Engineer’s guide to HTTPS by Devon Peroutky

• MQTT broker from scratch by Andrea Baldan

  • Part 1: The protocol
  • Part 2: Networking
  • Part 3: Server
  • Part 4: Data structures
  • Part 5: Topic abstraction
  • Part 6: Handlers
  • Part 7: Refactoring & eventloop

• Networking 101 by Internal Pointers

• Serving files over HTTP three ways: synchronous, epoll, and io_uring by Phil Eaton

• Topics in High-Performance Messaging by Robert A. Van Valzah, Todd L. Montgomery, and Eric Bowden

• Visual guide to SSH tunneling and port forwarding

Cryptography

• A Graduate Course in Applied Cryptography by Dan Boneh and Victor Shoup

• Advanced Topics in Cryptography: From Lattices to Program Obfuscation by Vinod Vaikuntanathan

• All I Know About Certificates by Ke Pi

• An Intensive Introduction to Cryptography by Boaz Barak

• Coding Theory & Cryptography by John C. Bowman [pdf]

• Cryptography: An Introduction (3rd Edition) by Nigel Smart [pdf]

• Practical Cryptography for Developers by Svetlin Nakov

• The Beginner's Textbook for Fully Homomorphic Encryption by Ronny Ko

Data Science

• Advanced Data Science: Statistics and Prediction Algorithms Through Case Studies by Rafael A. Irizarry

• Data Science at the Command Line by Jeroen Janssens

• Data Science: Theories, Models, Algorithms, and Analytics by Sanjiv Ranjan Das

  • pdf
  • Data for the book's examples
  • Version with Python and R

• Fundamentals of Data Visualization by Claus O. Wilke

• Hands-On Data Visualization by Jack Dougherty and Ilya Ilyankou

• Introduction to Data Science: Data Wrangling and Visualization with R by Rafael A. Irizarry

• Mathematical Methods in Data Science (with Python) by Sebastien Roch

• Mining of Massive Datasets by Jure Leskovec, Anand Rajaraman, and Jeff Ullman

• Mining Social Media by Lam Thuy Vo

• Topics in Mathematics of Data Science by Dr. Afonso Bandeira

• Towards Data Science - The world’s leading publication for data science, AI, and ML professionals.

Debuggers

• A Field Guide to Bugs by Stephen Diehl

• Debugging with GDB

• How Does a C Debugger Work? by Kevin Pouget

• Writing a Linux Debugger by Sy Brand

• Writing a Debugger From Scratch by Tim Misiak

  • Part 1 - Attaching to a Process
  • Part 2 - Register State and Stepping
  • Part 3 - Reading Memory
  • Part 4 - Exports and Private Symbols
  • Part 5 - Breakpoints
  • Part 6 - Stacks
  • Part 7 - Disassembly
  • Part 8 - Source and Symbols

Databases

• Database Design for Google Calendar: a tutorial by Alexey Makhotkin

• Database Fundamentals by Tony Solomonik

• The Theory of Relational Databases by David Maier

Databases Development

• B-trees and database indexes by Benjamin Dicken

• Build Your Own Database From Scratch in Go by James Smith

• Build your own SQLite by Geoffrey Copin

  • Part 1: Listing tables
  • Part 2: Scanning large tables
  • Part 3: SQL parsing 101
  • Part 4: reading tables metadata
  • Part 5: Evaluating queries

• Build Your Own Redis with C/C++ by James Smith

• Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems by Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, Nathan Goodman

• How Does a Database Work? by Connor Stack

• Jacob's blog: On database building blocks by Sherin Jacob

  • A B+Tree Node Underflows: Merge or Borrow?
  • Cache-Friendly B+Tree Nodes With Dynamic Fanout

• Let's Build a Simple Database by Connor Stack

NoSQL

• MongoDB Tutorial

SQL

• Mode's SQL Tutorial

• SQL Tutorial - Master SQL quickly and effectively with clear concepts, hands-on examples, and interactive quizzes.

• SQL for the Weary by Greg Wilson

• SQLBolt - Learn SQL with simple, interactive exercises.

• SQLZap - Learn SQL with for Free.

• SQLZoo - SQL Tutorial.

MySQL

• MySQL for Developers by Aaron Francis

• MySQL Tutorial

PostgreSQL

• PostgreSQL 14 Internals by Egor Rogov

• PostgreSQL Tutorial

• The Internals of PostgreSQL by Hironobu Suzuki

Oracle

• Oracle Tutorial

Demoscene

• Graphics Tricks from Boomers - Technical details about a 4096 bytes Atari-STE intro, by Arnaud Carré.

• How a 64k intro is made by Pekka Väänänen

• The making of Immersion

  • Part 1: A dive into the making of Immersion
  • Part 2: Texturing in a 64kB intro
  • Part 3: Procedural 3D mesh generation in a 64kB intro

Design Patterns

• Building abstractions using higher-order functions by Eli Benderski

• Data Engineering Design Patterns (DEDP)

• Data-Oriented Design by Richard Fabian

• Design Patterns & Refactoring SourceMaking

• Design Patterns in Python blog posts series by Racey Chan

  • Decorators and Functional programming
  • Design Patterns You Should Unlearn in Python: Part1
  • Design Patterns You Should Unlearn in Python: Part2
  • Most Design Patterns Are Just Dependency Injection in Disguise

• Discovering observers by Sandor Dargo

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• The expression problem and Rust by Alisa Sireneva

• From design patterns to category theory by Mark Seemann

• Game Programming Patterns by Robert Nystrom

• Handles are the better pointers by Andre Weissflog

• Indices, not Pointers by Joe Mckay

• Multiple Dispatch Series by Eli Bendersky

• Plugins Series by Eli Bendersky

• The Architecture of Open Source Applications

DevOps

• DevOps with Docker: Containers for Beginners

• DevOps with Kubernetes: A not-so-gentle introduction to cloud-native container orchestration

• devopscube

Digital Signal Processing

• Digital Signals Theory by Brian McFee

• Online Textbooks and Course Materials by Julius Orion Smith III

  • AI Audio Signal Processing Reading List
  • Audio Signal Processing in FAUST
  • Intoroduction to Digital Filters by Julious O. Smith III*
  • Mathematics Of The Discrete Fourier Transform (Dft), Second Edition
  • Physical Audio Signal Processing
  • Spectral Audio Signal Processing

• PySDR: A Guide to SDR and DSP using Python by Dr. Marc Lichtman

• Software-Defined Radio for Engineers by Travis F. Collins, Robin Getz, Di Pu, and Alexander M. Wyglinski [pdf]

• The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W. Smith, Ph.D.

Distributed systems

• Distributed Systems by Dr. Martin Kleppmann [pdf]

• Distributed systems for fun and profit by Mikito Takada

• Implementing Raft by Eli Bendersky

• Implementing the Raft distributed consensus protocol in Go by Phil Eaton

• Linearizability in distributed systems by Eli Bendersky

• Notes on Theory of Distributed Systems by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Patterns of Distributed Systems by Unmesh Joshi

• Principles of Blockchains by Prof. Pramod Viswanath [Princeton]

• Rewriting Kafka in Rust Async: Insights and Lessons Learned in Rust by Rex Wang

• Testing Distributed Systems - Curated list of resources on testing distributed systems by Andrey Satarin.

Electronics

• ANALOG SEEKrets: DC to daylight … a master class in electronics design by Leslie Green [pdf]

• Lessons in Electric Circuits

• Ultimate Electronics

Emulators and Virtual Machines

• 5 Days To Virtualization: A Series On Hypervisor Development by Daax Rynd, Aidan Khoury and Nick Peterson

• [Emulators writing tutorials] by Alexander Dickson

  • JavaScript Chip-8 Emulator
  • Write a NES Emulator with JavaScript
    • Part 1
    • Part 2

• GameBoy Emulation in JavaScript by Imran Nazar

• Hypervisor in 1,000 Lines by Seiya Nuta

• Roll your own JavaScript runtime by Bartek Iwańczuk

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• The Art of CHIP-8 by John Earnest

• Write your Own Virtual Machine by Justin Meiners and Ryan Pendleton

• Writing NES emulator in Rust by Rafael Bagmanov

Game Programming

• 2D Game Development: From Zero To Hero by Daniele Penazzo

• 3D Game Engine Programming by Jeremiah van Oosten

• CSCI 181G PO: Game Engine Programming Course

• Game Frame Breakdown Articles collection by Nikolaos Papadopoulos

• Game Engineering by David Galles

• How to program a text adventure in C by Ruud Helderman

• Isometric Projection in Game Development by Gustavo Pezzi

• Isometric Tutorials by Clint Bellanger

• Procedural Content Generation in Games by Noor Shaker, Julian Togelius, and Mark J. Nelson

• Procedural Island Generation by Chema Guerra

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3
  • Part 4
  • Part 5
  • Part 6

• Programming Vehicles in Games by Wassim Alhajomar

• Retro Rampage - A tutorial series in which you will learn how to build a Wolfenstein-like game from scratch, in Swift by Nick Lockwood

• Roguelike Tutorial - In Rust by Herbert Wolverson

• Terrain programmig by Shamus Young

• The guide to implementing 2D platformers by Rodrigo Monteiro

• Scroll Back: The Theory and Practice of C`ameras in Side-Scrollers by Itay Keren

• A First-Person Game in 2KB by Grant Handy

Game Engines

• Bevy game development by Nolan Tait

• C# and Shader Tutorials for the Unity Engine by Jasper Flick

• Godot Engine 4 Tutorials by Jasper Flick

• Unofficial Bevy Cheat Book

Game Physics

• 2D Cloth Simulation in Odin with raylib by Marian Pekár

• Gentle Introduction to Realtime Fluid Simulation for Programmers and Technical Artists by Shahriar Shahrabi

• iforce2d - A collection of programming resources, mainly focusing on 2D games development with Box2D.

• Simulating Fluids, Fire, and Smoke in Real-Time by Andrew Chan

• Ten Minute Physics by Matthias Müller

General Programming

• freeCodeCamp

• Geeks for Geeks

• Programiz

• Tutorials Point

• W3 Schools

Lists of programming projects to try to implement

• Austin Z. Henley's Lists

  • Challenging algorithms and data structures every programmer should try
  • Challenging projects every programmer should try
  • More challenging projects every programmer should try

• Writing Toy Software Is A Joy: Why you should write more toy programs by Joshua Barretto

Geographic Information Systems

• Building Vector Tiles from scratch by Andre Debuisne

• Computational Modelling of Terrains by Hugo Ledoux, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Ravi Peters, and Maarten Pronk

• Introduction to Python for Geographic Data Analysis by Henrikki Tenkanen, Vuokko Heikinheimo, and David Whipp

GUI Programming

• A Book about Qt5 by Jürgen Bocklage-Ryannel and Johan Thelin

• Cross-platform window in C

• James Brown's Tutorials

• Minimal Cross-Platform Graphics by Serge Zaitsev

• Sol on Immediate Mode GUIs by Jari Komppa

• theForger's Win32 API Programming Tutorial

• X Window System Basics by Jasper St. Pierre

Hardware

• Architecture of Consoles by Rodrigo Copetti

• Computer Architecture, Fifth Edition: A Quantitative Approach by John L. Hennessy and David A Patterson

• How Microchips Work

• Modern Microprocessors: A 90-Minute Guide! by Jason Robert Carey Patterson

• Processor Design: An Introduction

• Simple CPU design

• What Every Programmer Should Know About Memory by Ulrich Drepper [pdf]

• Zen, CUDA, and Tensor Cores by Casey Muratori

Information Theory

• Information and Entropy by Prof. Paul Penfield and Prof. Seth Lloyd

• Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms by David MacKay

• Statistics and Information Theory by John Duchi [pdf]

IQ Tests

• Cognitive Ability Test by University of Cambridge

• IQ Test made by Mensa Norway

Logical Games

• Hex: A Strategy Guide by Matthew Seymour

• Learn to Play Go

• The World's Fastest Scrabble Program by Andrew W. Appel and Guy J. Jacobson [pdf]

Low Level Stuff

• A gentle introduction to two's complement by Michael Doornbos

• Beginner's Guide to Linkers by David Drysdale

• Computer Science from the Bottom Up by Ian Wienand

• CPU performance optimization guide - Preface by Hui Zhang

  • Part 1

• Floating Point Visually Explained by Fabien Sanglard

• Group Borrowing: Zero-Cost Memory Safety with Fewer Restrictions by Evan Ovadia

• How To Write Shared Libraries by Ulrich Drepper [pdf]

• It's OK to compare floating-points for equality by Nikita Lisitsa

• Memory Management Reference

• Memory Profiling by Denis Bakhvalov

• Onboarding floating-point by Mike Acton

• Performance Analysis and Tunning on Modern CPUs by Denis Bakhvalov

• Pointer Tagging in C++: The Art of Packing Bits Into a Pointer by Caden Parker

• Stack frame layout on x86-64 by Eli Bendersky

• Static Machine Code Analysis by Frank Tetzel

• Understanding Memory Management by Eric Rescorla

  • Part 1: C
  • Part 2: C++ and RAII
  • Part 3: C++ Smart Pointers
  • Part 4: Rust Ownership and Borrowing
  • Part 5: Fighting with Rust
  • Part 6: Basic Garbage Collection
  • Part 7: Advanced Garbage Collection

• What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic [pdf]

• Matrix Multiplication Optimization Article Series by Amanzhol Salykov

  • Advanced Matrix Multiplication Optimization on Modern Multi-Core Processors
  • Advanced Matrix Multiplication Optimization on NVIDIA GPUs
  • Matrix Core Programming on AMD CDNA3 and CDNA4 architecture

• Virtual Memory: A Deep Dive into Page Tables, TLBs, and Linux Internals by Abhinav Upadhyay

GPU and TPU Programming

• Basic facts about GPUs by Damek Davis

• Inside NVIDIA GPUs: Anatomy of high performance matmul kernels by Aleksa Gordić

• Introduction to CUDA Programming With GPU Puzzles by Henry Ko

• TPU Deep Dive by Henry Ko

SIMD programming

• Accelerating copy_if using SIMD by Chaitanya Kumar

• ARM NEON for C++ Developers [pdf]

• Cuckoo hashing improves SIMD hash tables by Reiner Pope

• Designing a SIMD Algorithm from Scratch by Miguel Young de la Sota

• SIMD: A Practical Guide by Caden Parker

• SIMD for C++ Developers [pdf]

• Wojciech Muła — website

Math

• A Gentle Introduction to Tensors by Boaz Porat [pdf]

• A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Mathematics by Joe Fields

• A Programmer's Introduction to Mathematics by Jeremy Kun

• Algebra, Topology, Differential Calculus, and Optimization Theory For Computer Science and Machine Learning by Jean Gallier and * Jocelyn Quaintance* [pdf]

• An animated introduction to Fourier Series by Andrei Ciobanu

• An Infinite Descent into Pure Mathematics by Clive Newstead

• An Infinitely Large Napkin by Evan Chen [pdf]

• An Introduction to Tensors for Students of Physics and Engineering by Joseph C. Kolecki [pdf]

• Approved Textbooks of the American Institute of Mathematics

• Books and papers by Professor Dimitry P. Bertsekas

• Books by Dr. Kenneth Kuttler

• Books of Shlomo Sternberg

  • Advanced Calcululs [pdf]
  • Dynamical Systems [pdf]
  • Lie algebras [pdf]
  • Semi-classical analysis by Victor Guillemin and Shlomo Sternberg [pdf]
  • Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity [pdf]
  • Theory of functions of a real variable [pdf]

• Courses and lecture notes by Jeffrey Robert Chasnov

  • Applied Linear Algebra and Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Calculus for Engineers [pdf]
  • Differential Equations for Engineers [pdf]
  • Differential Equations: Review with YouTube Examples [pdf]
  • Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Fibonacci Numbers and the Golden Ratio [pdf]
  • Flow Around a Cylinder [pdf]
  • Mathematical Biology [pdf]
  • Matrix Algebra for Engineers [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods for Engineers [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods [pdf]
  • Scientific Computing [pdf]
  • Vector Calculus for Engineers [pdf]

• Cournse Notes and Books by Curtis T. McMullen [Harvard]

  • Books
    • Complex Dynamics and Renormalization [pdf]
    • Renormalization and 3-Manifolds which Fiber over the Circle [pdf]
  • Course Notes
    • Advanced Complex Analysis [pdf]
    • Advanced Real Analysis [pdf]
    • Algebra and Dynamics [pdf]
    • Complex Analysis on Riemann Surfaces [pdf]
    • Ergodic theory, geometry and dynamics [pdf]
    • From Conformal Invariants to Percolation [pdf]
    • Probability Theory [pdf]
    • Real Analysis [pdf]
    • Riemann surfaces, dynamics and geometry [pdf]
    • Sets, Groups and Knots [pdf]
    • Topology [pdf]

• Course notes by J.S. Milne

  • Abelian Varieties [pdf]
  • Algebraic Geometry [pdf]
  • Algebraic Number Theory [pdf]
  • Class Field Theory [pdf]
  • Complex Multiplication [pdf]
  • Fields and Galois Theory [pdf]
  • Group Theory [pdf]
  • Lectures on Etale Cohomology [pdf]
  • Lie Algebras, Algebraic Groups, and Lie Groups [pdf]
  • Modular Functions and Modular Forms [pdf]
  • Reductive Groups [pdf]

• Course notes by Kenneth R. Davidson

  • Measure Theory [pdf]
  • Nest Algebras
  • Real Analysis [pdf]
  • Rigorous Calculus [pdf]

• Course notes by Rajen Shah [Cambridge]

  • Mathematics of Machine Learning
  • Modern Statistical Methods
  • Principles of Statistics
  • Statistical Modelling

• Course Notes by Richard Weber

  • Markov Chains
  • Mathematics of Operational Research
  • Optimization
  • Optimization and Control
  • Probability
  • Statistics
  • Time Series

• Course notes by Tom Leinster

  • Category theory
  • Fourier analysis [pdf]
  • Galois theory
  • General topology [pdf]
  • Linear algebra by [pdf]

• Everything You Always Wanted To Know About Mathematics by Brendan W. Sullivan with Professor John Mackey [pdf]

• Feynman's Trick a.k.a. Differentiation under the Integral Sign & Leibniz Integral Rule

• Foundations of Mathematics by Florent P. Baudier [pdf]

• How do undergraduates do mathematics? [pdf]

• Intermediate Calculus and Linear Algebra by Jerry L. Kazdan [pdf]

• Introduction to Applied Mathematics by Jan Glaubitz [pdf]

• Introduction to Homotopy Type Theory by Egbert Rijke

• Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems by Hiroki Sayama

• Introduction to Stochastic Calculus by Ji-Ha

• Lecuture Notes by Aditya Guntuboyina

  • Analysis of Time Series [pdf]
  • Introduction to Probability at an advanced level [pdf]
  • Theoretical Statistics [pdf]

• Lecture Notes by Ian Tice

  • A crash course in complex analysis [pdf]
  • A crash course in interpolation theory [pdf]
  • Derivation of the fluid equations [pdf]
  • Fluid-solid interaction [pdf]
  • From Stokes flow to Darcy's law [pdf]
  • Gamma-convergence of the Ginzburg-Landau energy [pdf]
  • Linear constant coefficient ordinary differential systems [pdf]
  • Monstrous Functions [pdf]
  • Quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic systems [pdf]

• Lecture Notes by Jacob Shapiro

  • Calculus 1 [pdf]
  • Complex Analysis with Applications [pdf]
  • Functional Analysis [pdf]
  • Measure Theory [pdf]
  • Topics in Mathematical Physics [pdf]
  • Homeworks and other courses materials

• Lecture Notes by John K. Hunter

  • Applied Analysis
  • Applied Mathematics
  • Asymptotics
  • Introduction to Analysis
  • Measure Theory
  • Partial Differential Equations

• Lecture Notes by Omer Tamuz

  • General Equilibrium Theory [pdf]
  • Graduate Real Analysis [pdf]
  • Multivariate Calculus
  • Probability: Random Walks
  • Probability
  • The Value and Cost of Information [pdf]
  • Undergraduate Game Theory

• Lecture Notes by Seongjai Kim

  • Calculus Lectures [pdf]
  • Fundamentals of Numerical Linear Algebra [pdf]
  • Heterogeneity in Computational Environments [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra with Applications [pdf]
  • Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning [pdf]
  • Numerical Analysis and Applications with Music [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Programming Basics and AI with Matlab and Python [pdf]

• Math Alive by Ingrid Daubechies and Shannon Hughes - lecture notes on:

  • Cryptography
  • Error correction & compression
  • Probability & Statistics
  • Birth, Growth, Death & Chaos
  • Graph Theory
  • Voting & Social Choice

• Math Planet

• Mathematics Its Contents Methods And Meaning, Volumes 1 - 3 by A. D. Aleksandrov, A. N. Kolmogorov, M. A. Lavrent'ev

• Mathematical Methods for Computer Vision, Robotics, and Graphics by Justin Solomon [pdf]

• Mathematical Methods for Physics by Dmitry Turaev [pdf]

  • Problem sheets and solutions

• Mathematics for the Physical Sciences by Herbert S. Wilf

• Menthal Math Tricks by John D. Cook

• Notes on Mathematics For Engineers [pdf]

• Open Mathematics Depository

• Open textbooks for undergraduate mathematics

• Paul's Online Math Notes by Paul Dawkins

  • Algebra
  • Calculus I
  • Calculus II
  • Calculus III
  • Differential Equations

• Peter Cameron's Lecture Notes

  • Mathematical Structures [pdf]
  • Introduction to Algebra [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra [pdf]
  • Algebraic Structures *[pdf] Number theory [pdf]
  • Combinatorics [pdf]
  • Probability [pdf]
  • Cryptography [pdf]
  • Complexity [pdf]
  • A Crash Course on Group Theory [pdf]
  • Notes on Advanced Combinatorics
    • The art of counting [pdf]
    • Structure, symmetry and polynomials [pdf]
    • Finite geometry and strongly regular graphs [pdf]

• Precalculus by Carl Stitz and Jeff Zeager

• Real Not Complex - Discover Incredible FREE Resources to Study MathemF comilatics.

• Street-Fighting Mathematics - Course teaches the art of guessing results and solving problems without doing a proof or an exact calculation by Sanjoy Mahajan

• Teaching notes by Oliver Knill

  • Differential Geometry [pdf]
  • Introduction to Calculus [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus I [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus II [pdf]
  • Multivariable Calculus [pdf]
  • Probability Theory [pdf]
  • Teaching Mathematics with a Historical Perspective [pdf]

• Texts, exercises, problems and lecture notes by John Erdman

  • Exercises and Problems in Calculus
  • A ProblemText in Advanced Calculus [pdf]
  • Exercises and Problems in Linear Algebra
  • Companion to Real Analysis
  • Functional Analysis and Operator Algebras: An Introduction [pdf]

• The Lost Art of Logarithms by Charles Petzold

• The Mathematics in Toys and Games by Jing Li, Prof. Erik Demaine, and Melissa Gymrek

• The Matrix Cookbook by Kaare Brandt Petersen and Michael Syskind Pedersen

• The Princeton Companion to Mathematics by Timothy Gowers - editor [pdf]

• The Tensor Cookbook by Thomas Dybdahl Ahle

• Trigonometry by Michael Corral

• Umnov A.E. and Umnov E.A's Educational Materials [MIPT]

  • Subjects Included:
    • Elementary Mathematics
    • Intoduction to Calculus
    • Multy-dimentional Analysis. Integrals and Series
    • Analytic Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Multiple integrals and field theory
    • Harmonic Analysis
    • Parametric Sets of Second-Order Lines on a Plane

• University Mathematics by Ole Witt-Hansen

Algebra

• Abstract Algebra taughy by Yum-Tong Siu, notes by Dongryul Kim [pdf]

• Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications by Thomas W. Judson

• Advanced Modern Algebra by Joseph J. Rotman [pdf]

• Algebra: Abstract and Concrete by Frederick M. Goodman

• Algebra: An Elementary Text-Book by George Chrystal

• Beginning and Intermediate Algebra by Tyler Wallace

• Elements of Abstract and Linear Algebra by Edwin H. Connell

• Intermediate Algebra by Saylor Academy

• Introduction to Abstract Algebra by Alexander Paulin [pdf]

• Introduction to Modern Algebra by David Joyce [pdf]

• Learn you Galois Fields for Great Good by Anthony Bonkoski

• Lectures on Abstract Algebra by Richard Elman [pdf]

• The Rising Sea: Foundations Of Algebraic Geometry Notes by Ravi Vakil

Linear Algebra

• Graphical Linear Algebra by Pawel Sobocinski

• Immersive Linear Algebra by J. Ström, K. Åström, and T. Akenine-Möller

• Interactive Linear Algebra by Dan Margalit and Joseph Rabinoff

• Introduction to Applied Linear Algebra – Vectors, Matrices, and Least Squares by Stephen Boyd and Lieven Vandenberghe

• Linear Algebra by David Cherney, Tom Denton, Rohit Thomas and Andrew Waldron [pdf]

• Linear Algebra, Fourth edition by Jim Hefferon [pdf]

• Linear Algebra Done Right by Sheldon Axler

• Linear Algebra Done Wrong by Sergei Treil

• Linear Algebra for Computer Science by Manoj Thulasidas

• Linear Algebra Lecture Notes by Terence Tao [pdf] [UCLA]

• Notes for Computational Linear Algebra by Jessy Grizzle [pdf]

• Numerical Linear Algebra by Bärbel Janssen [pdf]

• The Little Book of Linear Algebra by Duc-Tam Nguyen

Analysis

• Classical Real Analysis Books by Andrew M. Bruckner, Judith B. Bruckner, and Brian S. Thomson

  • Elementary Real Analysis, Second Edition
  • Real Analysis
  • Mathematical Discovery
  • The Calculus Integral
  • Theory of the Integral

• Complex Analysis by Russell W. Howell and John H. Mathews

• Complex Analysis by Dmitry Belyaev [pdf]

  • Problems and Solutions

• Harmonic Function Theory by Sheldon Axler, Paul Bourdon, and Wade Ramey

• How We Got from There to Here: A Story of Real Analysis by Eugene Boman and Robert Rogers

• Introduction to Real Analysis by William F. Trench

• Principles of Mathematical Analysis by Walter Rudin [pdf]

• Real Analysis by Dr. Casey Rodriguez

• Real Analysis by Gary Towsley

• Visual Complex Analysis by Tristan Needham [pdf]

Calculus

• Advanced Multivariable Calculus by Alex Wang [pdf]

• Basic Analysis: Introduction to Real Analysis by Jiří Lebl

• Calculus by Gilbert Strang

• Calculus 1 for Honours Mathematics by Barbara A. Forrest and Brian E. Forrest [pdf]

• Calculus Books by Tyler Wallace

  • Calculus 1
  • Calculus 2
  • Calculus 3

• Calculus in Context by James Callahan, Kenneth Hoffman, David Cox, Donal O’Shea, Harriet Pollatsek, and Lester Senechal [pdf]

• Calculus: Basic Concepts for High Schools by L.V. Tarasov

• Calculus for Mathematicians, Computer Scientists, and Physicists by Andrew D. Hwang [pdf]

• Calculus Made Easy by Silvanus P. Thompson

• Calculus with Julia by John Verzani

• CLP Calculus Textbooks by Joel Feldman, Andrew Rechnitzer and Elyse Yeager

• Derivatives, Gradients, Jacobians and Hessians by Alan Wolfe

• Differential Calculus: From Practice to Theory by Eugene Boman and Robert Rogers

• Elementary Calculus by Michael Corral

• Integration Theory by Johan Jonasson [pdf]

• Introduction to Calculus by Paul Lutus [pdf]

• Multivariable Calculus Lectures by Richard J. Brown [pdf]

• Pre-Calculus by Salah Abed, Sonia Farag, Stephen Lane, Tyler Wallace, and Barbara Whitney

• Precalculus: An Investigation of Functions by David Lippman and Melonie Rasmussen

Vector Calculus

• Lectures on Vector Calculus by David Tong

• Vector and Complex Calculus for the Physical Sciences by Fabian Waleffe [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by Andrea Moiola [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by B. C. Allanacha and J.M. Evansa [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by Michael Corral

Category Theory

• Category Theory for Programmers by Bartosz Milewski

• Category Theory for Programming by Benedikt Ahrens and Kobe Wullaert

• Category Theory Illustrated by Boris Marinov

• Category Theory in Programming by Noah Ma

• Category Theory: Lecture Notes and Online Books - collection by Peter Smith

• Notes on Category Theory with examples from basic mathematics by Paolo Perrone

• Pragmatic Category Theory by Dmitrii Kovanikov

• Seven Sketches in Compositionality: An Invitation to Applied Category Theory by Brendan Fong and David I. Spivak

Differential Equations

• Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems by William F. Trench

• Fourier Series & PDEs by Philip Maini [Oxford]

• Notes on Diffy Qs: Differential Equations for Engineers by Jiří Lebl

Game Theory

• Game Theory (Open Access textbook with 165 solved exercises) by Giacomo Bonanno

• Game Theory with Engineering Applications by Prof. Asuman Ozdaglar

• Introduction to Game Theory: a Discovery Approach by Jennifer Firkins Nordstrom

• Lecture Notes for 1st Year Ph.D. Game Theory by Navin Kartik [pdf]

General problem solving

• How to Solve It by George Pólya [pdf]

Geometry

• Euclid's Elements

• Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries: Development and History by Marvin Jay Greenberg [pdf]

• Geometry with an Introduction to Cosmic Topology by Michael P. Hitchman

• Geometry: Euclid and Beyond by Robin Hartshorne [pdf]

• Planes in 3D space by Alex Harri

• The Foundations of Geometry by David Hilbert [pdf]

• The Four Pillars of Geometry by John Stillwell [pdf]

Differential Geometry

• Differential Geometry: A First Course in Curves and Surfaces by Theodore Shifrin [pdf]

• Functional Differential Geometry by Gerald Jay Sussman and Jack Wisdom with Will Farr [pdf]

• Introduction to Smooth Manifolds by John M. Lee [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on Differential Geometry by Mohammad Ghomi

• Manifolds and Differential Forms by Reyer Sjamaar [pdf]

• Open Problems In Geometry Of Curves And Surfaces by Mohammad Ghomi [pdf]

• What is differential geometry: curves and surfaces by Anton Petrunin and Sergio Zamora Barrera

Combinatorics

• Algebraic Combinatorics by Alexander Postnikov

• Analytic Combinatorics by Philippe Flajolet and Robert Sedgewick [pdf]

• Combinatorics Through Guided Discovery by Kenneth P. Bogart

• Enumerative Combinatorics, Volume 1, Second Edition by Richard P. Stanley [pdf]

Graph Theory

• An introduction to graph theory by Darij Grinberg [pdf]

• Graphs and Geometry by László Lovász [pdf]

• Graph Theory, Sixth Edition, 2025 by Reinhard Diestel

• Graph Theory and Additive Combinatorics by Yufei Zhao

• Graph Theory Lecture Notes by Christopher Griffin [pdf]

• Introduction to Random Graphs by *Alan Frieze" and **ALAN FRIEZE and Michał Karonski [pdf]

• Large networks and graph limits by László Lovász [pdf]

• Spectral Graph Theory by David P. Williamson

High School Math

• Mathematical Problems And Puzzles from the Polish Mathematical Olympiads by Stefan Straszewicz

• Solving Problems In Algebra And Trigonometry by V. Litvinenko and A. Mordkovich

• Solving Problems In Geometry by V. Gusev, V. Litvinenko, and A. Mordkovich

• The USSR Olympiad Problem Book by D. O. Shklarsky, N. N. Chentzov, and I. M. Yaglom

Mathematical Finance

• A Practical Guide to Quantitative Finance Interviews by Xinfeng Zhou [pdf]

• Financial Machine Learning by Bryan T. Kelly and Dacheng Xiu

• Mathematical Foundations for Finance by Prof. Dr. Beatrice Acciaio

  • Probability Theory by Prof. Dr. Alain-Sol Sznitman [pdf]
  • Mathematical Foundations for Finance Lecture Notes by M. Schweizer and E. W. Farkas [pdf]

• Statistical Method in Economics by Prof. Anna Mikusheva

• Topics in Mathematics with Applications in Finance by Dr. Peter Kempthorne, Dr. Choongbum Lee, Dr. Vasily Strela, and Dr. Jake Xia

• Trade Signal by Lucas Downey

Mathematical Logic

• A Concise Introduction to Logic by Craig DeLancey

• A Friendly Introduction to Mathematical Logic by hristopher Leary and Lars Kristiansen

• forall x: Calgary: An Introduction to Formal Logic by P. D. Magnus, Tim Button, Robert Trueman, and Richard Zach

• PQT Logic Textbook by Scott Weinstein, Owain West and Grace Zhang [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on The Lambda Calculus by Frank Pfenning [pdf]

• Notes on Mathematical Logic by David W. Kueker

  • Part 1 [pdf]
  • Part 2 [pdf]

Measure Theory

• An Introduction to Measure Theory by Terence Tao [pdf]

• Measure, Integration & Real Analysis by Sheldon Axler

• Measure Theory Princeton University MAT425 Lecture Notes [pdf]

Number theory

• A Computational Introduction to Number Theory and Algebra by Victor Shoup

• An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers by Leo Moser

• Elementary Number Theory: Primes, Congruences, and Secrets by William Stein

• Lectures notes on number theory for computer science by Alexandros V. Gerbessiotis

• Theory of Numbers by Prof. Abhinav Kumar

Numerical analysis

• Tea Time Numerical Analysis by Leon Q. Brin

Operations Research

• Applied Mathematical Programming by Stephen P. Bradley, Arnoldo C. Hax, and Thomas L. Magnanti

• Arkadi Nemirovski Books and Lecture Notes on Optimization

• Bridging Continuous and Discrete Optimization by David P. Williamson

• Convex Optimization by Andreas Habring

• Introduction to Operations Research, Tenth Edition by Frederick S. Hillier, and Gerald J. Lieberman [pdf]

• Linear Programming Lecture Notes by Hal Gabow [dpf]

• MOSEK Modeling Cookbook

Probability and Statistics

• Advanced Data Analysis from an Elementary Point of View by Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

• Advanced Probability by Alexander Sokol and Anders Rønn-Nielsen [pdf]

• All of Statistics: A concise Course in Statistical Inference by Larry Wasserman [pdf]

• An Elementary Introduction To The Theory Of Probability by B. V. Gnedenko, A. Ya. Khinchin

• AnyDice

• Applied Problems In Probability Theory by E. Wentzel and L. Ovcharov

• Bayes Rules! An Introduction to Applied Bayesian Modeling by Alicia A. Johnson, Miles Q. Ott, Mine Dogucu

• Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition by Andrew Gelman, John Carlin, Hal Stern, David Dunson, Aki Vehtari, and Donald Rubin

• Digital textbook on probability and statistics by Marco Taboga

• Elementary Probability for Applications by Rick Durrett [pdf]

• Fundamentals of Probability by Prof. Yury Polyanskiy

• High-Dimensional Probability: An Introduction with Applications in Data Science by Roman Vershynin [pdf]

• High-Dimensional Statistics by Philippe Rigollet and Jan-Christian Hütter

• Introduction to Modern Statistics (2nd Ed) by Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel and Johanna Hardin

• Introduction to Probability by Charles M. Grinstead and J. Laurie Snell

• Introduction to probability and statistics by Mike Hitchman

• Introduction to Probability for Data Science by Stanley H. Chan

• Introduction to Statistics by David Lane

• Lecture Notes on Probability by Omer Tamuz [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on Probability Statistics and Linear Algebra by C. H. Taubes [pdf]

• Linear Model and Extensions by Peng Ding

• Markov Chains for programmers by Ricardo M. Czekster

• Modern Discrete Probability: An Essential Toolkit by Sebastien Roch

• Notes on Counting and Rapidly Mixing Markov Chains by Alan Frieze [pdf]

• Notes on Probability by Peter J. Cameron [pdf]

• Odds & Ends: Introducing Probability & Decision with a Visual Emphasis by Jonathan Weisberg

• One Thousand Exercises in Probability by Geoffrey R. Grimmett and David R. Stirzaker [pdf]

• OpenIntro Statistics, Fourth Edition by David Diez, Mine C¸ etinkaya-Rundel, and Christopher D Barr

• Probability 101, the intuition behind martingales and solving problems with them

• Probability and Statistics: The Science of Uncertainty, Second Edition by Michael J. Evans and Jeffrey S. Rosenthal

• Probability and Statistics Cookbook by Matthias Vallentin

• Probability and Statistics for Data Science by Carlos Fernandez-Granda [pdf]

• Probability for Computer Scientists by Chris Piech

• Probability for Computer Scientists by Robert J. Moss [pdf]

• Probability in High Dimension by Ramon van Handel [pdf] [Princeton]

• Probability in High Dimensions by Prof. Joel A. Tropp [pdf] [Caltech]

• Probability Textbooks by Mark Huber

  • Probability Adventures [pdf]
  • Probability Lectures and Labs [pdf]

• Probability Theory by Amir Dembo [pdf] [Stanford]

  • Other course materials

• Probability Theory (First Steps) by E. S. Wentzel

• Probability Theory & Computational Mathematics by Prof. Joel A. Tropp [pdf] [Caltech]

• Probability with Engineering Applications by Bruce Hajek

• Probability: Theory and Examples by Rick Durrett [pdf]

• Seeing Theory - a book about statistics with interactive visualizations by Daniel Kunin, Jingru Guo, Tyler Dae Devlin, and Daniel Xiang

• Statistical Inference, Second Edition by George Casella and Roger L. Berger [pdf]

• Statistics Handbook by Carlo Occhiena

• Stochastic Processes by Amir Dembo [pdf]

• The Probabilistic Method by Noga Alon and Joel H. Spencer [pdf]

• The Truth About Linear Regression by Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

Proofs

• An introduction to mathematical proof by Seçkin Demirbaş and Andrew Rechnitzer [pdf]

• An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning by Matthew M. Conroy and Jennifer L. Taggart [pdf]

• Book of Proof, Third Edition by Richard Hammack

• Handbook of Mathematical Proof by Edward D. Kim [pdf]

• Language and Proofs in Algebra: An Introduction by Carmen Bruni [pdf]

• Mathematical Reasoning & Proofs by Alistair Savage [University of Ottawa]

• Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof (Version 3) by Ted Sundstrom

• Reading, Discovering and Writing Proofs by Carmen Bruni [pdf]

• The Mechanics of Proof by Heather Macbeth

Theoretical Computer Science

• An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics by Neil Donaldson and Alessandra Pantano [pdf]

• Applied Discrete Structures by Al Doerr and Ken Levasseur

• Busy Beavers! - An interactive intro to Computability Theory by Jim Fisher

• Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach by Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak

• Discrete Mathematical Modeling by Prof. Sara Billey [pdf]

• Discrete Mathematics by Andrew D. Ker [pdf]

• Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction, 4th Edition by Oscar Levin

• Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, Eighth Edition by Kenneth H. Rosen

• Discrete Structures for Computer Science: Counting, Recursion, and Probability by Michiel Smid

• Edsger W. Dijkstra Archive

• Elements of Programming by Alexander Stepanov and Paul McJones

• Foundations of Computation by Carol Critchlow and David Eck

• Foundations of Computer Science by Alfred V. Aho and Jeffrey D. Ullman

• generatingfunctionology by Herbert S. Wilf [pdf]

• Great Ideas in Theoretical Computer Science by Prof. Scott Aaronson

• Introduction to Theoretical Computer Science by Boaz Barak

• Introduction to University Mathematics by Ian Hewitt [pdf]

• Mathematical Foundations of Computing by Keith Schwarz [pdf]

• Mathematical Techniques for Algorithm Analysis by Eric Bach [pdf]

• Mathematical Techniques for Computer Science by Andrea Schalk [pdf]

• Mathematics and Computation: A Theory Revolutionizing Technology and Science by Avi Wigderson [pdf]

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Eric Lehman, F. Thomson Leighton, and Albert R. Meyer [pdf]

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Prof. Erik Demaine, Dr. Zachary Abel, and Dr. Brynmor Chapman

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Prof. Tom Leighton and Dr. Marten van Dijk

• Notation as a Tool of Thought by Kenneth E. Iverson

• Notes on Computational Complexity Theory by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Notes on Discrete Mathematics by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Software Foundations - A broad introduction to the mathematical underpinnings of reliable software.

• Type Theory & Functional Programming by Simon Thompson [pdf]

• What Can Be Computed?: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Computation by John MacCormick [pdf]

Topology

• Algebraic Topology for Data Scientists by Michael S. Postol

• Computational Algebraic Topology by Vidit Nanda

• General Topology by Tom Leinster [pdf]

• Introduction To Symplectic Topology by Dusa Mcduff and Dietmar Salamon [pdf]

• Metric and Topological Spaces by T. W. K¨orner [pdf]

• Topology Without Tears by Sidney A. Morris

• Topology: A First Course by James R. Munkres

Multithreading and Concurrency

• A C++17 Thread Pool for High-Performance Scientific Computing by Barak Shoshany

• A Science of Concurrent Programs by Leslie Lamport

• Implementing simple cooperative threads in C by Stephen Brennan

• Introduction to Parallel Computing Tutorial

• Is Parallel Programming Hard, And, If So, What Can You Do About It? by Paul E. McKenney

• Lockfree Programming: A Mental Model by Anthony Bonkoski

• POSIX Threads Programming by Blaise Barney

• Programming Parallel Computers by Jukka Suomela, Samuli Laine, and Jaakko Lehtinen

• Reading and writing - Article series on race conditions by James Coglan

• Spinlocks vs. Mutexes: When to Spin and When to Sleep

• The Deadlock Empire

• The Little Book of Semaphores by Allen B. Downey

• What every systems programmer should know about concurrency by Matt Kline [pdf]

Music Theory

• Introduction to Computer Music by Prof. Jeffrey Hass

• Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom by Robert Hutchinson

Operating Systems

• A Commentary On The Sixth Edition Unix Operating System by J. Lions

• Advanced Linux Programming by Mark Mitchell, Jeffrey Oldham, and Alex Samuel [pdf]

• Exploring Operating Systems

• Linux Basics for Hackers by Abdulrahman Hegazy

• Linux Insides by Alex Kuleshov

• Linux Learning Resources by Paul Cobbaut

  • Fundamentals [pdf]
  • System Administration [pdf]
  • Servers [pdf]
  • Storage [pdf]
  • Security [pdf]
  • Networking [pdf]
  • Fun [pdf]

• How to write Rust in the kernel by Daroc Alden

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• Making our own executable packer by Amos Wenger

• My Own Private Binary: An Idiosyncratic Introduction to Linux Kernel Modules

• Notes on Operating Systems by James Aspnes

• Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces by Remzi H Arpaci-Dusseau and Andrea C Arpaci-Dusseau

• Principia Softwarica by Yoann Padioleau - A series of literate programming books explaining Plan 9 system programs.

• Systems Programming: Lecture Notes by Jian Huang

• The Art of Unix Programming by Eric Steven Raymond

• The Linux Documentation Project

• The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide by Peter Jay Salzman, Michael Burian, Ori Pomerantz, Bob Mottram, Jim Huang

• The UNIX-HATERS Handbook by Simson Garfinkel, Daniel Weise, and Steven Strassmann [pdf]

• Unix as IDE by Tom Ryder

Operating Systems Development

• A Journey in Creating an Operating System Kernel by Mohammed Q. Hussain

• Baking Pi – Operating Systems Development by Alex Chadwick

• Making a RISC-V Operating System using Rust by Stephen Marz

• Making an RISC-V OS

  • Part 1 - Project Setup
  • Part 2 - Kernel in virtual addresses
  • Part 3 - Managing free memory

• Operating System development tutorials in Rust on the Raspberry Pi by Andre Richter

• Operating System in 1,000 Lines by Seiya Nuta

• Operating Systems: From 0 to 1 by Tu Do

• OSDev.org

• The little book about OS development by Erik Helin and Adam Renberg

• Writing a Simple Operating System — from Scratch by Nick Blundell

• Writing an OS in Rust by Philipp Oppermann

• Writing an OS in Nim by Khaled Hammouda

• xv6: a simple, Unix-like teaching operating system by Russ Cox, Frans Kaashoek, and Robert Morris

Photography

• Photography for geeks by Michal Zalewski

Physics

• A free introduction to quantum computing and quantum mechanics by Andy Matuschak and Michael Nielsen

• An introduction to Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics by Simon J.A. Malham [pdf]

• An Intuitive Guide to Maxwell’s Equations by Nick M.

• Applications of Classical Physics by Roger D. Blandford and Kip S. Thorne

• IBM Quantum Learning - Learn the basics of quantum computing.

• Introduction to Classical and Quantum Computing by Thomas G. Wong

• Introduction to Special Relativity, Quantum Mechanics and Nuclear Physics for Nuclear Engineers by Alex F. Bielajew [pdf]

• Mechanics and Relativity by Timon Idema

• Motion Mountain by Christoph Schiller - A free physics textbook in 5 volumes.

• Open textbooks for undergraduate physics

• Orbital Mechanics by * Alan Zucconi*

• Percolation Theory by Dr. Kim Christensen [pdf]

• Physics for Mathematicians by Nicolas James Marks Ford

• Quantum Computation Lecture Notes by Peter Shor

• Quantum Mechanics by basketballguy

• Quantum Mechanics for Engineers by Leon van Dommelen [pdf]

• Relativity: A Modern Primer by Kevin Han

• Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics by Gerald Jay Sussman and Jack Wisdom with Meinhard E. Mayer

• The Feynman Lectures on Physics

• Physics-Based Simulation by Minchen Li, Chenfanfu Jiang, and Zhaofeng Luo

Programming languages

• A Dumb Introduction to z3 by Rahman Sibahi

• Control structures in programming languages: from goto to algebraic effects by Xavier Leroy

• Exotic Programming Ideas by Stephen Diehl

  • Part 1: Module Systems
  • Part 2: Term Rewriting
  • Part 3: Effect Systems
  • Part 4: Datalog
  • Part 5: Types of Types

• Introduction to the Theory of Programming Languages by Bertrand Meyer

• Programming Paradigms for Dummies: What Every Programmer Should Know by Peter Van Roy [pdf]

• University Physics by Ole Witt-Hansen

Ada

• Ada 95: The Craft of Object-Oriented Programming by John English

• Ada95 Lovelace tutorial by David A. Wheeler

• Ada Gem Archive

• Introduction to Ada: a project-based exploration with rosettas by Romain Gora

Assembly

• A friendly introduction to assembly for high-level programmers by Manuel Spagnolo

  • Part 1: Hello
  • Part 2: Conditionals

• A fundamental introduction to x86 assembly programming by Nayuki

• An interactive guide to x86-64 assembly by Alberto Ventafridda

• Easy RISC-V

• FFmpeg School of Assembly Language

• Learn Assembly Language - NASM x86 assembly language tutorial on Linux.

• Programming from the Ground Up by Jonathan Bartlett [pdf]

• Learn x86-64 assembly by writing a GUI from scratch by Philippe Gaultier

• Let's Learn x86-64 Assembly!

  • Part 0 - Setup and First Steps
  • Part 1 - Metaprogramming in Flat Assembler
  • Part 2 - We're Writing a Virtual Machine
  • Part 3 - Arithmetic and Logic
  • Part 4 - More About Jumps Than You Wanted To Know

• NASM Tutorial

• PC Assembly Language by Paul A. Carter

• RISC-V Assembly Programming by Prof. Edson Borin

• The Art of Assembly Language by Randall Hyde

• Understanding Windows x64 Assembly by Siew Yi Liang

• x86-64 Assembly Language Programming with Ubuntu by Ed Jorgensen

Bash

• Introduction to Bash Scripting by Bobby Iliev

Basic

• BBC BASIC for SDL 2.0

C

• Compiler Options Hardening Guide for C and C++

• Coroutines in C by Simon Tatham

• Demystifying bitwise operations, a gentle C tutorial by Andrei Ciobanu

• Extreme C by Kamran Amini

• Few lesser known tricks, quirks and features of C

• Hacking Coroutines into C by Christoph Walcher

• Hacktical C: A practical hacker's guide to the C programming language

• How to implement a hash table (in C) by Ben Hoyt

• I Write Type Safe Generic Data Structures in C by Daniel Hooper

• Implementing smart pointers for the C programming language

• Modern C by Jens Gustedt

• Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI-C by Axel-Tobias Schreiner [pdf]

• So You Think You Know C? by Oleksandr Kaleniuk [pdf]

• The C Book by Mike Banahan, Declan Brady and Mark Doran

• The Lost Art of Structure Packing by Eric S. Raymond

• Writing a Simple Garbage Collector in C by Matthew Plant

C#

• Developing on AWS with C# by Noah Gift and James Charlesworth [pdf]

C++

• C++ Core Guidelines by Bjarne Stroustrup and Herb Sutter

• C++ exceptions uner the hood by Nicolás Brailovsky

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: A tiny ABI
  • Part 3: An ABI to appease the linker
  • Part 4: Catching what you throw
  • Part 5: Magic around __cxa_begin_catch and __cxa_end_catch
  • Part 6: gcc_except_table and the personality function
  • Part 7: A nice personality
  • Part 8: Two-phase handling
  • Part 9: Catching our first exception
  • Part 10: Unwind and call frame info
  • Part 11: Reading a CFI table
  • Part 12: And suddenly, reflexion in C++
  • Part 13: Setting the context for a landing pad
  • Part 14: Multiple landing pads & the teachings of the guru
  • Part 15: Finding the right landing pad
  • Part 16: Finding the right catch in a landing
  • Part 17: Reflecting on an exception type and reading .gcc_except_table
  • Part 18: Getting the right stack frame
  • Part 19: Getting the right catch in a landing pad
  • Part 20: Running destructors while unwinding
  • Part 21: A summary and some final thoughts
  • Appendix I: The true cost of an exception
  • Appendix II: Metaclasses and RTTI on C++
  • Appendix III: RTTI and exceptions orthogonality

• C++20 Coroutines: sketching a minimal async framework by Jeremy Ong

• C++20 Concepts: The Definitive Guide by Rajat Jain

• Effective Modern C++ by Scott Meyers [pdf]

• Efficient Programming with Components by Alexander Stepanov and Justin Meiners

• Fiber in C++: Understanding the Basics by Jiayin Cao

• Hacking C++

• Learn C++

• Learning to read C++ compiler errors: Not a legal base class by Raymond Chen

• Microsoft C++ language documentation

• Modern C++ Tutorial by Ou Changkun

• More C++ Idioms

• My Favorite C++ Pattern: X Macros by Daniel Fedorin

• Philosophy of coroutines by Simon Tatham

• The Boost C++ Libraries by Boris Schäling

• Thoughts on creating a tracking pointer class by Raymond Chen

  • Part 1: Concept art
  • Part 2: Using a std::list
  • Part 3: Using a std::vector
  • Part 4: Using a circular doubly linked list
  • Part 5: Copying our tracking pointer
  • Part 6: Non-modifying trackers
  • Part 7: Non-modifying trackers, second try
  • Part 8: Tracking const objects
  • Part 9: Conversion
  • Part 10: Proper conversion
  • Part 11: Repairing assignment
  • Part 12: A shared tracking pointer
  • Part 13: Restoring the strong exception guarantee
  • Part 14: Nonthrowing moves with the shared tracking pointer
  • Part 15: A custom shared pointer
  • Part 16: Second attempt to use a list

CMake

• An Introduction to Modern CMake by Henry Schreiner

Cuda

• How To Write A Fast Matrix Multiplication From Scratch With Tensor Cores by Alex Armbruster

D

• Programming in D by Ali Çehreli

Datalog

• Learn Datalog Today by Jonas Enlund

Erlang

• Adopting Erlang by Tristan Sloughter, Fred Hebert, and Evan Vigil-McClanahan

• Learn You Some Erlang for great good! by Fred Hebert

• Stuff Goes Bad: Erlang in Anger by Fred Hebert

Forth

• Easy Forth by Nick Morgan

• Forth: The programming language that writes itself by Dave Gauer

• Implementing a Forth by Dave Gauer

• Starting FORTH by Leo Brodie

• Thinking Forth by Leo Brodie [pdf]

Go

• A comprehensive guide to go generate by Eli Bendersky

• Accessing PostgreSQL databases in Go by Eli Bendersky

• Embedding in Go by Eli Bendersky

• Generic functions on slices with Go type parameters by Eli Bendedrsky

• Go concurrency distilled by Anton Zhiyanov

• Go internals: invariance and memory layout of slices by Eli Bendersky

• Go Optimization Guide by Alexander Stavonin

• Higher-order functions in Go by Eli Benderski

• Memory Allocation in Go by Nguyen Trong Nghia

• Notes on running Go in the browser with WebAssembly by Eli Benderski

• Practical Go Lessons by Maximilien Andile

• Ranging over functions in Go 1.23 by Eli Benderski

• The Y combinator in Go with generics by Eli Benderski

Network programming in Go

• Go HTTPS servers with TLS

• Go socket servers with TLS

• REST Servers in Go by Ely Bendersky

Haskell

• Learn Haskell by building a blog generator Gil Mizrahi

• Learn You a Haskell for Great Good! by Miran Lipovača

• Monads for functional programming by Philip Wadler [pdf]

• Monday Morning Haskell

• Real World Haskell by Bryan O'Sullivan, Don Stewart, and John Goerzen

Jai

• Jai articles by James Oswald
  • Simplicity, Jai, and Joy (Jai Part 1)
  • Embedding, Jai, and Joy (Jai Part 2)
  • Emulating Rust's Result and ? in Jai with Metaprogramming

Java

• How to Design Classes by Matthias Felleisen, Matthew Flatt, Robert Bruce Findler, Kathryn E. Gray, Shriram Krishnamurthi and Viera K. Proulx [pdf]

• Think Java by Allen B. Downey

JavaScript

• Eloquent JavaScript by Marijn Haverbeke

• Exploring JS: JavaScript books for programmers by Dr. Axel Rauschmayer

• Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs — JavaScript Edition by

  • Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman — original authors
  • Martin Henz and Tobias Wrigstad with Julie Sussman — adapters to JavaScript
  • Samuel Fang — designer and developer of this Interactive SICP JS edition

• The Modern JavaScript Tutorial by Ilya Kantor

• Mostly adequate guide to FP (in JavaScript)

Lean

• Functional Programming in Lean by David Thrane Christiansen

Lisp dialects

Clojure

• Babashka Babooka: Write Command-Line Clojure by Daniel Higginbotham

• Clojure for the Brave and True by Daniel Higginbotham

Common Lisp

• Gamedev in Lisp by Andrew Kravchuk

  • Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction
  • Part 2: Dungeons and Interfaces

• Learn Lisp The Hard Way by "the Phoeron" Colin J.E. Lupton

• On Lisp by Paul Graham

• Practical Common Lisp by Peter Seibel

• Successful Lisp: How to Understand and Use Common Lisp by David B. Lamkins

• The Common Lisp Cookbook

• Typed Lisp, A Primer by Musa Al-hassy

Racket

• A Functional Introduction To Computer Science by Prabhakar Ragde

  • Part I
  • Part II

• Beautiful Racket by Matthew Butterick

• How to Design Programs, Second Edition by Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi

• Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Shriram Krishnamurthi

Scheme

• Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman

• (learn 'scheme) by Jared Krinke

Nim

• Computer Programming with the Nim Programming Language by Dr. Stefan Salewski

OCaml

• Learn Programming with OCaml by Sylvain Conchon and Jean-Christophe Filliâtre

• OCaml Programming: Correct + Efficient + Beautiful by Michael R. Clarkson

• Real World OCaml by Yaron Minsky, Anil Madhavapeddy and Jason Hickey

Oberon-2

• Object-Oriented Programming in Oberon-2 by Hanspeter Mössenböck [pdf]

Odin

• "Handles are the better pointers": An Odin gamedev follow-up by Karl Zylinski

• Introduction to the Odin Programming Language by Karl Zylinski

• Mistakes and cool things to do with arena allocators by Karl Zylinski

Pascal

• Modern Object Pascal Introduction for Programmers by Michalis Kamburelis

PostScript

• Learning PostScript by Doing by Andre Heck [pdf]

• Mathematical Ilustrations: A Manual of Geometry and PostScript by Bill Casselman

Prolog

• Datalog in Rust by Frank McSherry

• Learn Prolog Now! by Patrick Blackburn, Johan Bos, Kristina Striegnitz

• The Power of Prolog by Markus Triska

• Game Programming in Prolog by Youngjin Kang

Pyret

• Programming and Programming Languages by Shriram Krishnamurthi, Benjamin S. Lerner, Joe Gibbs Politz, Kathi Fisler

• A Data-Centric Introduction to Computing by Kathi Fisler, Shriram Krishnamurthi, Benjamin S. Lerner, Joe Gibbs Politz

Python

• 30 Days Of Python by Asabeneh

• Architecture Patterns with Python by Harry Percival and Bob Gregory

• Composing Programs by John DeNero

• Computational Discovery on Jupyter by Rob Corless

• Data Structures and Information Retrieval in Python by Allen B. Downey

• From Python to Numpy by Nicolas P. Rougier

• Full Stack Python by Matt Makai

• How Python Asyncio Works: Recreating it from Scratch by Jacob Padilla

• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Interactive Edition by Peter Wentworth, Jeffrey Elkner, Allen B. Downey, and Chris Meyers

• Introduction to Computer Programming with Python by Harris Wang

• Introduction to Python Programming by Udayan Das, Aubrey Lawson, Chris Mayfield, Narges Norouzi [pdf]

• Invent With Python by Al Sweigart

  • Audio, Video, and Webcams in Python (Lost Chapter from Automate the Boring Stuff)
  • Automate the Boring Stuff with Python
  • Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python
  • Cracking Codes with Python
  • Invent Your Own Computer Games with Python
  • Making Games with Python & Pygame
  • Python Programming Exercises, Gently Explained
  • Scratch 3 Programming Playground
  • The Big Book of Small Python Projects
  • The Recursive Book of Recursion

• Learn Python the Right Way

• NumPy Illustrated: The Visual Guide to NumPy by Lev Maximov

• Pandas Illustrated: The Definitive Visual Guide to Pandas by Lev Maximov

• Planet Python

• Practical Python Programming by David Beazley

• Python & OpenGL for Scientific Visualization by Nicolas P. Rougier

• Python Asyncio: The Complete Guide by Jason Brownlee

• Python Courses by Bernd Klein

• Python Data Science Handbook by Jake VanderPlas

• Python Design Patterns by Brandon Rhodes

• Python for Data Analysis, 3rd edition by Wes McKinney

• Python Programming for Economics and Finance by Thomas J. Sargent and John Stachurski

• Real Python - A collection of Python tutorials.

• Scientific Visualization: Python + Matplotlib by Nicolas Rougier

• Test-Driven Development with Python by Harry Percival

• The Ultimate Guide to Error Handling in Python by Miguel Grinberg

• Think Python, 2nd Edition by Allen B. Downey

• Think Python, 3rd Edition by Allen B. Downey

• Thinking in Python: Insights, Idioms and Patterns by Bruce Eckel

• Wicked Python trickery - dynamically patch a Python function's source code at runtime by Eric J. Ma

R

• Big Book of R by Oscar Baruffa

• Efficient R Programming by Colin Gillespie and Robin Lovelace

• R for Data Science (2e) Hadley Wickham, Mine Cetinkaya-Rundel, Garrett Grolemund

Regular expressions

• Implementing Regular Expressions by Russ Cox

• Learn RegEx step by step, from zero to advanced

• RegexOne

• Regular-Expressions.info by Jan Goyvaerts

• Rex Eats Regular Expressions for Breakfast

Ruby

• Building Games with DragonRuby by Brett Chalupa

• Ruby Hacking Guide

Rust

• 100 Exercises To Learn Rust

• A Gentle Introduction to Rust by Steve Donovan

• Async Rust in Three Parts by Jack O'Connor

• Asynchronous Programming in Rust

• Beginner's guide to Error Handling in Rust by Shesh Babu

• C++ to Rust Phrasebook

• Clear explanation of Rust’s module system by Shesh Babu

• Comprehensive Rust

• Dependency Injection like Bevy Engine from Scratch

• Effective Rust by David Drysdale

• Exploring ways to make async Rust easier by Carl Lerche

• Learning Async Rust With Entirely Too Many Web Servers by Ibraheem Ahmed

• No-Panic Rust: A Nice Technique for Systems Programming by Josh Haberman

• Rust Atomics and Locks: Low-Level Concurrency in Practice by Mara Bos

• Rust data structures with circular references by Eli Bendersky

• Rust Language Cheat Sheet

• Testing multiple implementations of a trait in Rust by Eli Bendersky

• Things you can’t do in Rust (and what to do instead)

Smalltalk

• Smalltalk Resources - A list of free smalltalk books.

Ya

• Я ☞ Articles by Murat Kasimov

Zig

• Learning Zig by Karl Seguin

• Zigbook

Retrocomputing

• A Guide to the Graphics of the Sega Mega Drive / Genesis

• BASIC Code by Michael Coorlim

• Books by Fabien Sanglard

  • Game Engine Black Book: Wolfenstein 3D
  • Game Engine Black Book: DOOM
  • The Book of CP-System

• Easy 6502 by Nick Morgan

• Extra Instructions Of The 65XX Series CPU by Adam Vardy

• Game Eengine White Papers: Commander Keen by Bas Smits [pdf]

• How PlayStation Graphics & Visual Artefacts Work by Gustavo Pezzi

• How pseudo-3d racing games work by Louis Gorenfeld

• jsgroth's blog

• Learn Multiplatform Assembly Programming by ChibiAkumas

• Mark Moxon's Software Archaeology - Fully documented source code for Elite, Revs, Lander, Aviator and more

• MarkeyJester’s Motorola 68000 Beginner’s Tutorial

• Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition by Michael Abrash

• NeHe OpenGL Tutorials

• Patai Gergely's Website

  • Porting Stunt Car Racer to the Commodore Plus/4
  • Porting Stunt Car Racer to the Apple II
  • Pushing the Boundaries of C64 Graphics with NUFLIX

• Portals and Quake by Pekka Väänänen

• Programming specs for the GBA and NDS hardware by Martin Korth

• Retro Game Coders

• The Annotated "Programming the Nintendo GBA : The Unofficial Guide by Jasper Vijn

• Usborne 1980s Computer Books

Adevent of code on retro machines

• Advent of Code 2022 on a MikroMikko 4TT m326 by Jukka Jylänki

• Advent Of Code 2023 on a Commodore 64 by Jukka Jylänki

Apple II

• Apple II Documentation Project

• Apple II graphics: More than you wanted to know

• Colin Leroy-Mira’s Website

• Neil Parker's Apple II page

Commodore 64

• An Afterlife User's Guide to the C64 by Gregorio Naçu

• C64 OS Programmer's Guide by Gregorio Naçu

• Commodore 64 Guides

• Commodore Bookmarks - Bookmarks for the Commodore 64, 128, Plus4, C16, VIC20 & PET Community.

• The Lost Ways of Programming: Commodore 64 BASIC by Tomas Petricek

CP/M

• A gentle introduction to CP/M

• A journey into the 8-Bit microcomputing past: Exploring the CP/M operating system

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

DOS

• 256-Color VGA Programming in C by David Brackeen

• Beyond the 1 MB barrier in DOS by Julio Merino

• From 0 to 1 MB in DOS by Julio Merino

• How Cosmo’s Cosmic Adventure DOS game works?

• MS-DOS development resources

Game Boy

• Game Boy Development community

• Game Boy Advanced programming tutorial by Jasper Vijn

• Game Boy Advanced Development Resources

• More than you wanted to know about how Game Boy cartridges work by Allison Parrish

Mega 65

• MEGA65 Documentation

• MEGA65 Welcome Guide by Dan Sanderson

NES

• Famicom Party: Making NES Games in Assembly by Kevin Zurawel

• NesDev.org - A community of homebrew game developers and hardware researchers for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and other retro consoles.

ZX Spectrum and Z80 CPU

• First Steps in Z80 Assembly Language by Darryl Sloan [pdf]

• How to Write ZX Spectrum Games by Jonathan Cauldwell [pdf]

• Sinclair ZX Spectrum BASIC programming by Steven Vicker [pdf]

• Z80 User's Manual

• ZX Spectrum Next: Assembly Developer Guide by Tomaz Kragelj

ZX Online Articles

• Angle Calculation on Z80: Doing the Impossible at 3.5 MHz

• ZX Spectrum Graphics Magic: The Basics Every Spectrum Fan Should Know

Reverse engineering

• Applied Reverse Engineering Series by Daax Rynd, Aidan Khoury and Nick Peterson

• Reverse Engineering for Beginners by Dennis Yurichev

• Reverse Engineering For Everyone by Kevin Thomas

• Reversing for dummies - x86 assembly and C code by Sami Alaoui

• Linux Reverse Engineering CTFs for Beginners

Robotics

• Introduction to Autonomous Robots by Nikolaus Correll, Bradley Hayes, Christoffer Heckman, and Alessandro Roncone

• Mathematics for Robotics by Jessy Grizzle

• Modern Robotics: Mechanics, Planning, and Control by Kevin M. Lynch and Frank C. Park

• Robotics & ROS 2 Essentials

• The open online robotics education resource

• Underactuated Robotics by Russ Tedrake

System programming

• io_uring basics: Writing a file to disk by Phil Eaton

• io_uring by example by Shuveb Hussain

• Lord of the io_uring by Shuveb Hussain

Technical Writing

• How to Write a Git Commit Message

• Refactoring English: Effective Writing for Software Developers by Michael Lynch

• Software Technical Writing: A Guidebook by James [pdf]

• Technical Writing Posts by James

Testing

• How to Test by Alex Kladov

• The Fuzzing Book by Andreas Zeller, Rahul Gopinath, Marcel Böhme, Gordon Fraser, and Christian Holler

Text editors

• Build Your Own Text Editor

• Design and Implementation of a Win32 Text Editor by James Brown

• Text Buffer Reimplementation by Peng Lyu

• Text Editor: Data Structures by Avery Laird

Emacs

• A Beginner's Guide to Extending Emacs by Tyler Langlois

• Emacs Config From Scratch by Arne Bahlo

  • Part 1: Foundations
  • Part 2: Projects and Keybindings
  • Part 3: LSP & Tree-sitter

• System Crafters Emacs Guides

• Emacs Lisp Elements by Protesilaos

• Emacs Mini Manual by Tu Do

  • Part 1: The Basics
  • Part 2: Lisp Primer - Why Parentheses Matter
  • Part 3: Customizing and Extending Emacs
  • C/C++ Development Environment for Emacs

• How to learn Emacs by David Röthlisberger

• How I am deeply integrating emacs by Joshua Blais

• Org Mode

• Use GNU Emacs: The Plain Text Computing Environment by Keith Waclena

Vim

• Interactive Vim Tutorial by Henrik Huttunen

• Learn Vim (the Smart Way) by Igor Irianto

• The Vi/Ex Editor by Walter Alan Zintz

• Vim from the ground up by Matthieu Cneude

• Vim Reference Guide by Sundeep Agarwal

Unicode

• Programming with Unicode by Victor Stinner

• The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets by Joel Spolsky

• The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Must Know About Unicode in 2023 by Nikita Prokopov

• Unicode programming, with examples by Joe Nelson

Version control tools

• Git from the Bottom Up by John Wiegley

• Learn the workings of Git, not just the commands by Andre Fachat

Web programming

• A book about using Node.js by Mikito Takada

• A masochist’s guide to web development by Sebastiano Tronto

• FastCGI — The Forgotten Treasure by Peter Simons and Ralph Babel

• Full Stack open - Deep Dive Into Modern Web Development.

• Implementing React From Scratch by Robby Pruzan

• Intro to Web Dev

• Let's build a browser engine! by Matt Brubeck

• Let’s write a search engine by Amit Patel

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Mozilla Developers Network - Resources for Developers, by Developers. Documenting CSS, HTML, and JavaScript, since 2005.

• Ruby on Rails Guides

• Single page apps in depth by Mikito Takada

• Tania Rascia'a Web Development Deep Dives

  • A Complete Guide to CSS Concepts and Fundamentals
  • An Introduction to GraphQL
  • Design for Developers: Specific Steps to Improve Your Website Design
  • Everything I Know as a Software Developer Without a Degree
  • How to Set up a Mac for Development
  • How to Set Up webpack 5 From Scratch
  • How to Structure and Organize a React Application
  • How to Use React, the JavaScript Framework
  • How to Use Redux and React
  • How to Use Vue, the JavaScript Framework
  • Setting Up Virtual Hosts
  • The Event Loop, Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await in JavaScript

• The Copenhagen Book - A general guideline on implementing auth in web applications.

• The Flask Mega-Tutorial by Miguel Grinberg

• The Odin Project - An open-source curriculum for learning full-stack web development.

• Web Browser Engineering by Pavel Panchekha and Chris Harrelson

• WebDev - Guidance to build modern web experiences that work on any browser.

• What happens when you type google.com into your browser's address box and press enter? by Alex Gaynor

CSS

• A Complete Guide to CSS Grid by Chris House

• A deep dive into StyleX by Flavio Copes

• CSS Tricks

• Learn CSS Layout the pedantic way by Mikito Takada

• Modern CSS Solutions for Old CSS Problems by Stephanie Eckles

• You no longer need JavaScript by Lyra Rebane

• What You Need to Know about Modern CSS (2025 Edition) by Chris Coyier

Django

• Learn Django by Will Vincent

• Modern JavaScript for Django Developers

HTML

• HTML for People by Blake Watson

• Learn HTML

Personal Websites and Blogs

AI

• Ahead of AI by Sebastian Raschka

• Aleksa Gordić blog

• Chizoba Obasi's Blog

• Hugging Face Blog

• Jake Tae's Blog

• Randorithms by Ben Coleman

C and C++

• Alf on programming (mostly C++)

• Andrzej's C++ Blog by Andrzej Krzemieński

• Arthur O’Dwyer's Blog

• Asymmetric Transfer Lewis Baker

• Bannalia: trivial notes on themes diverse by Joaquín M López Muñoz

• Barry's C++ Blog by Barry Revzin

• Borislav Stanimirov's Website

• Braden Ganetsky's Website

• C++ Metaprogramming by Odin Holmes

• C++ on a Friday by Anders Schau Knatten

• C++ Stories by Bartłomiej Filipek

• C++ Truths

• Chaitanya Kumar's Blog

• Crascit's Blog by Craig Scott

• Cristian Adam's Blog

• Eric Niebler's Blog

• Fluent C++ by Jonathan Boccara

• foonathan::​blog() by Jonathan Müller

• Functional C++

• Ion Gaztañaga's Blog

• Jaysmito Mukherjee's Blog

• Just Software Solutions' Blog by Anthony Williams

• Lu's blog by Lu Pan

• Manu Sanchez's Blog

• Marius Bancila's Blog

• Marshall's C++ Musings

• Mathieu Ropert's Blog

• Modernes C++ by Rainer Grimm

• [Molecular Musings](https://