Tiny, Performant & 100% Native client for Discord made in Rust
See the codeA lightweight, native Discord desktop client written in Rust, powered by egui and wgpu.
📦 Downloads • ⚡ Highlights • ✨ Showcase • 📊 Benchmarks • 🛠️ Quick Start • 📋 Features • 🏗️ Architecture
[!WARNING] Unofficial and not endorsed by Discord. Serein communicates directly with Discord's public gateway and REST endpoints for your existing account. Automating normal accounts outside the official OAuth2/bot API violates Discord's Terms of Service and carries risk of account termination. Technical interoperability does not imply platform approval. Review the compatibility matrix and authentication guide before use.
Pre-compiled releases for macOS, Linux, and Windows are published on GitHub Releases.
| Platform | Format | Architectures | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows | -Setup.exe, .zip | x86_64, aarch64 | Per-user NSIS installer (recommended) or standalone portable archive |
| macOS | Homebrew Cask, .zip | Apple Silicon (aarch64) | Signed and notarized .app bundle |
| Linux | Flatpak (recommended), Repositories (apt, dnf, zypper, pacman), Gentoo ebuild, .AppImage | x86_64 | Flatpak with automatic updates; signed package repositories; portable AppImage |
Flatpak is the recommended distribution format for Linux, featuring sandbox isolation, bundled GNOME/WebKit runtimes, and automatic background updates.
One-Click Repository Install (Automatic Updates):
flatpak install --user https://viceverse-cz.github.io/Serein/flatpak/serein.flatpakref
Once installed, your desktop software store (GNOME Software, KDE Discover) or flatpak update will automatically discover and install updates.
Standalone Offline Bundle:
Download Serein-linux.flatpak from Releases:
flatpak install --user ./Serein-linux.flatpak
flatpak run cz.viceverse.serein
See Flatpak guide for sandbox permissions and source build details.
Configure the signed package repository for your distribution with one command:
curl -fsSL https://viceverse-cz.github.io/Serein/setup.sh | sh
The script detects your distribution (Ubuntu/Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux), cryptographically verifies the GPG signing key, and configures the repository with an option to install immediately.
After setup, manage Serein with your native package manager:
# Ubuntu / Debian: sudo apt install serein
# Fedora: sudo dnf install serein
# openSUSE: sudo zypper install serein
# Arch Linux: sudo pacman -S serein
Your normal system updates (apt upgrade, dnf upgrade, zypper update, pacman -Syu) will keep Serein updated. See Signed package repositories for manual GPG verification steps.
Gentoo users can install Serein from the vitaly-zdanevich-overlay overlay. It provides a source ebuild (net-im/serein) and a prebuilt amd64 ebuild (net-im/serein-bin).
sudo eselect repository add vitaly-zdanevich-overlay git https://github.com/vitaly-zdanevich/gentoo-overlay.git
sudo emaint sync -r vitaly-zdanevich-overlay
echo 'net-im/serein ~amd64' | sudo tee /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords/serein
sudo emerge --ask net-im/serein
Use net-im/serein-bin in the keyword file and emerge command to install the prebuilt binary instead. The source ebuild requires Rust 1.98.1 or newer. The binary ebuild targets amd64 systems with glibc 2.43 or newer. The two ebuilds install the same files, so choose one.
Download serein-<version>-Linux-X64.AppImage from Releases, make it executable, and run:
chmod +x ./serein-*-Linux-X64.AppImage
./serein-*-Linux-X64.AppImage
Keep the AppImage in a writable directory to receive in-app updates via Settings → Updates. Note that the AppImage uses host GTK4 and WebKitGTK 6.0 libraries; see AppImage setup and runtime dependencies for host requirements.
Download the Windows-X64-Setup.exe or Windows-ARM64-Setup.exe asset for your system from Releases and run it:
%LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Serein without requiring administrator/UAC elevation.cz.viceverse.serein) for native Windows toast notifications.Extract the Windows-X64.zip or Windows-ARM64.zip asset for your system and run:
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\setup.ps1
To uninstall later:
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\setup.ps1 -Uninstall
Extract the Windows-X64.zip or Windows-ARM64.zip asset for your system anywhere and launch serein.exe. To enable native desktop notifications:
powershell -File .\install-notifications.ps1
Run the script from the extracted folder beside serein.exe. If PowerShell's RemoteSigned policy blocks the downloaded script, review it and run Unblock-File -LiteralPath .\install-notifications.ps1 in that folder before retrying. The Windows installer registers the shortcut automatically, so installed builds do not need this script.
brew tap ViceVerse-cz/serein https://github.com/ViceVerse-cz/Serein.git
brew install --cask serein
The explicit repository URL keeps the cask in this repository; a separate homebrew-serein tap is not required.
Download serein-<version>-macOS-ARM64.zip from Releases, unzip, and drag Serein.app to your /Applications folder.
egui, and wgpu. Immediate-mode rendering with minimal idle CPU, low memory footprint, and instantaneous launch times—zero Electron, Node.js, or web runtime overhead.Up), quick delete (Backspace), and intuitive keyboard navigation.| Voice Calls & Live Screen Sharing | User Settings & Profile Customizer |
|---|---|
![]() | ![]() |
| Server Administration & Profiles | Threads & Forum Channels |
![]() | ![]() |
| Multi-File Attachment Uploads | GIFs & Twemoji Picker |
![]() | ![]() |
Testing Scenario: Browsing channels while joined in a Voice Channel (VC) and streaming screen at 60 FPS on macOS.
| Metric | Official Discord Client (Electron) | Serein (Native Rust + egui/wgpu) | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Memory (RAM) | 1,178.4 MB (across 7 helper processes) | 129.7 MB (single unified process) | ~9× less memory (-89%) |
| CPU Usage | 22.8% (Renderer + Helper processes) | 8.1% | ~2.8× lower CPU (-64%) |
| Official Discord (Electron) | Serein (Native Rust) |
|---|---|
| RAM: ~1,178.4 MB across 7 processes | RAM: 129.7 MB single process |
![]() | ![]() |
| CPU: 22.8% total | CPU: 8.1% total |
![]() | ![]() |
Rust 1.98.1 is pinned. Ensure you have the standard C/C++ toolchain and CMake installed for your platform:
xcode-select --install)pkg-config, GTK 4, WebKitGTK 6.0, fontconfig, and Vulkan drivers (see Platform Support)# 1. Opt in to the offline synthetic demo (no network, no storage)
cargo run --locked --features demo -- --demo
# 2. Launch standard client with voice (uses saved login or official webview)
cargo run --locked
# Run full workspace validation (formatting, Clippy, tests, policy checks)
cargo xtask check
# Run release reducer benchmark
cargo replay
# Run authentication bridge JS test harness
node tests/login-handoff.cjs
# Package release including voice (macOS .app bundle, Linux .deb by default)
cargo xtask package
| Capability | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Navigation & Guilds | Implemented | Collapsible categories, cached icons, guild channels, forum channels, active threads, DM lists, People pane, and server channel context menus |
| Message Timeline | Implemented | Virtualized variable-height rows, inline link confirmations, spoiler text/media reveal, unread message banners, deleted message protector, and local timezone timestamps |
| Markdown & System Messages | Implemented | Bold, italics, code blocks, blockquotes, clickable links, and styled system events with tinted Phosphor icons and clickable member names |
| Reactions & Emojis | Implemented | Twemoji rendering, native reaction counts, eight-emoji quick picker, full emoji picker integration, custom guild emojis, and add/remove reaction controls |
| GIFs & Media Search | Implemented | KLIPY GIF picker with search, favorites category, and one-click direct sending |
| User Mentions & Autocomplete | Implemented | Clickable user mentions with interactive composer autocompletion and visual highlight styling |
| Media Previews & Video Player | Implemented | Inline MOV and MP4 video playback, media copy/save context menus, inline image cards, embed cards, related embed image galleries, and full-resolution image viewer modals |
| File & Attachment Uploads | Implemented | Multi-attachment batch staging with file-type badges (PDF, ZIP, STL, images), thumbnail previews, individual file removal, upload progress bar, and drag-and-drop |
| Voice Engine & Calls | Implemented | 1-to-1/group DM calls & server channels, Opus codec, DAVE v1 E2EE, Sonora AEC3 acoustic echo cancellation, RNNoise suppression, push-to-talk (V), audio device selector |
| Voice Messages | Implemented | Inline voice message playback with interactive waveforms and bounded streaming audio buffering |
| Screen Sharing & Video | Implemented | Native screen capture (macOS ScreenCaptureKit, Windows Graphics Capture, Linux portal/PipeWire with VA-API/NVENC hardware encoding and software fallback; Linux native capture remains unverified), quality presets (720p/1080p, up to 60fps), and local camera/screen previews |
| Camera Video & Stream Viewing | Implemented | Hardware-accelerated decoding (macOS VideoToolbox, Linux VA-API, Windows DXVA/D3D11) for incoming screen streams and camera video feeds |
| Threads & Forum Channels | Implemented | Forum post listing, recent activity sorting, active thread browsing, and new forum post / thread creation |
| Server Administration | Implemented | Server profile editor (banners, icons, traits), role management with permissions matrix, audit log viewer, invite tracking and revocation, integrations/webhooks, and member moderation |
| Extensions & Theme Shop | Implemented | Git-backed plugins, community theme catalog with preview cards and color presets, permission prompt modals, and deleted-message protector |
| Keybinds & Shortcuts | Implemented | In-app keybind cheat sheet with raised keycaps, quick edit (Up), quick delete (Backspace), and keyboard navigation hotkeys |
| Rich Presence & Game IPC | Implemented | Discord IPC and WebSocket RPC servers plus running-game detection; displays activities in member rosters, DMs, and user profiles; opt-in system tray |
| Profile Cards & Editing | Implemented | On-demand profile popouts with banners, bios, badges, connections; native in-app editor for display name, bio, pronouns, and custom accent color with live preview |
| Server & Group Actions | Implemented | Server dropdown with friend invites and leave server; group DM actions (edit name/icon preview, mute, leave) |
| Context Menus & Shortcuts | Implemented | Right-click context menus for messages, media (save/copy), server channels, and members |
| Typing Indicators | Implemented | Displays incoming typing with short expiry; Serein strictly avoids emitting outgoing typing signals |
| Persistence & Drafts | Implemented | Bounded SQLite cache for history, drafts, settings, and diagnostics; OS credential store for auth tokens; sanitary logout |
| Internationalization | Partial | Bundled Inter font, CJK and Arabic font fallbacks included; full IME and bidirectional editing unverified |
Serein is engineered as a clean multi-crate Cargo workspace, isolating UI rendering from networking, persistence, and service protocols:
rustcord/
├── apps/
│ └── desktop/ # Application entrypoint, CLI flags, window lifecycle
├── crates/
│ ├── client-core/ # Client state coordinator, generation tracking, events
│ ├── session-cache/ # In-memory bounded cache and state reconciliation
│ ├── ui/ # egui widgets, message virtualizer, themes, design tokens
│ ├── model/ # Strongly-typed Discord domain entities
│ ├── discord-protocol/ # Wire protocol serialization and partial payload patches
│ ├── discord-api/ # HTTP/2 REST client with rate limiting and backoff
│ ├── discord-gateway/ # WebSocket gateway client with heartbeat and resume
│ ├── discord-voice/ # Opus codecs, RTP/UDP transport, DAVE v1, Sonora AEC, RNNoise, video decoding
│ ├── local-store/ # Bounded SQLite database for history, drafts, settings
│ ├── platform/ # OS credential store (Keychain/CredManager/SecretService)
│ └── test-support/ # Deterministic synthetic fixtures and mocks
└── tools/
├── replay-bench/ # Benchmarking harness for state reducers
└── xtask/ # Workspace automation tasks (packaging, checks, linting)
For full details, review the Storage Policy and Threat Model.
Original Serein code is dual-licensed under either:
at your option. Third-party library notices, bundled font licenses (Inter, Noto Sans CJK/Arabic), and Twemoji graphics licenses are cataloged in THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md.
Demo fixtures and simulated actions are excluded from normal app and CI packages.
Build with --features demo and launch with --demo to enable them; --demo-*
scenario flags additionally require --demo. cargo xtask package always builds
without demo support, while offline tests can still use synthetic fixtures.
Rust
97.5%
Python
1.4%
Tiny, Performant & 100% Native client for Discord made in Rust
See the codeA lightweight, native Discord desktop client written in Rust, powered by egui and wgpu.
📦 Downloads • ⚡ Highlights • ✨ Showcase • 📊 Benchmarks • 🛠️ Quick Start • 📋 Features • 🏗️ Architecture
[!WARNING] Unofficial and not endorsed by Discord. Serein communicates directly with Discord's public gateway and REST endpoints for your existing account. Automating normal accounts outside the official OAuth2/bot API violates Discord's Terms of Service and carries risk of account termination. Technical interoperability does not imply platform approval. Review the compatibility matrix and authentication guide before use.
Pre-compiled releases for macOS, Linux, and Windows are published on GitHub Releases.
| Platform | Format | Architectures | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows | -Setup.exe, .zip | x86_64, aarch64 | Per-user NSIS installer (recommended) or standalone portable archive |
| macOS | Homebrew Cask, .zip | Apple Silicon (aarch64) | Signed and notarized .app bundle |
| Linux | Flatpak (recommended), Repositories (apt, dnf, zypper, pacman), Gentoo ebuild, .AppImage | x86_64 | Flatpak with automatic updates; signed package repositories; portable AppImage |
Flatpak is the recommended distribution format for Linux, featuring sandbox isolation, bundled GNOME/WebKit runtimes, and automatic background updates.
One-Click Repository Install (Automatic Updates):
flatpak install --user https://viceverse-cz.github.io/Serein/flatpak/serein.flatpakref
Once installed, your desktop software store (GNOME Software, KDE Discover) or flatpak update will automatically discover and install updates.
Standalone Offline Bundle:
Download Serein-linux.flatpak from Releases:
flatpak install --user ./Serein-linux.flatpak
flatpak run cz.viceverse.serein
See Flatpak guide for sandbox permissions and source build details.
Configure the signed package repository for your distribution with one command:
curl -fsSL https://viceverse-cz.github.io/Serein/setup.sh | sh
The script detects your distribution (Ubuntu/Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux), cryptographically verifies the GPG signing key, and configures the repository with an option to install immediately.
After setup, manage Serein with your native package manager:
# Ubuntu / Debian: sudo apt install serein
# Fedora: sudo dnf install serein
# openSUSE: sudo zypper install serein
# Arch Linux: sudo pacman -S serein
Your normal system updates (apt upgrade, dnf upgrade, zypper update, pacman -Syu) will keep Serein updated. See Signed package repositories for manual GPG verification steps.
Gentoo users can install Serein from the vitaly-zdanevich-overlay overlay. It provides a source ebuild (net-im/serein) and a prebuilt amd64 ebuild (net-im/serein-bin).
sudo eselect repository add vitaly-zdanevich-overlay git https://github.com/vitaly-zdanevich/gentoo-overlay.git
sudo emaint sync -r vitaly-zdanevich-overlay
echo 'net-im/serein ~amd64' | sudo tee /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords/serein
sudo emerge --ask net-im/serein
Use net-im/serein-bin in the keyword file and emerge command to install the prebuilt binary instead. The source ebuild requires Rust 1.98.1 or newer. The binary ebuild targets amd64 systems with glibc 2.43 or newer. The two ebuilds install the same files, so choose one.
Download serein-<version>-Linux-X64.AppImage from Releases, make it executable, and run:
chmod +x ./serein-*-Linux-X64.AppImage
./serein-*-Linux-X64.AppImage
Keep the AppImage in a writable directory to receive in-app updates via Settings → Updates. Note that the AppImage uses host GTK4 and WebKitGTK 6.0 libraries; see AppImage setup and runtime dependencies for host requirements.
Download the Windows-X64-Setup.exe or Windows-ARM64-Setup.exe asset for your system from Releases and run it:
%LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Serein without requiring administrator/UAC elevation.cz.viceverse.serein) for native Windows toast notifications.Extract the Windows-X64.zip or Windows-ARM64.zip asset for your system and run:
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\setup.ps1
To uninstall later:
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\setup.ps1 -Uninstall
Extract the Windows-X64.zip or Windows-ARM64.zip asset for your system anywhere and launch serein.exe. To enable native desktop notifications:
powershell -File .\install-notifications.ps1
Run the script from the extracted folder beside serein.exe. If PowerShell's RemoteSigned policy blocks the downloaded script, review it and run Unblock-File -LiteralPath .\install-notifications.ps1 in that folder before retrying. The Windows installer registers the shortcut automatically, so installed builds do not need this script.
brew tap ViceVerse-cz/serein https://github.com/ViceVerse-cz/Serein.git
brew install --cask serein
The explicit repository URL keeps the cask in this repository; a separate homebrew-serein tap is not required.
Download serein-<version>-macOS-ARM64.zip from Releases, unzip, and drag Serein.app to your /Applications folder.
egui, and wgpu. Immediate-mode rendering with minimal idle CPU, low memory footprint, and instantaneous launch times—zero Electron, Node.js, or web runtime overhead.Up), quick delete (Backspace), and intuitive keyboard navigation.| Voice Calls & Live Screen Sharing | User Settings & Profile Customizer |
|---|---|
![]() | ![]() |
| Server Administration & Profiles | Threads & Forum Channels |
![]() | ![]() |
| Multi-File Attachment Uploads | GIFs & Twemoji Picker |
![]() | ![]() |
Testing Scenario: Browsing channels while joined in a Voice Channel (VC) and streaming screen at 60 FPS on macOS.
| Metric | Official Discord Client (Electron) | Serein (Native Rust + egui/wgpu) | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Memory (RAM) | 1,178.4 MB (across 7 helper processes) | 129.7 MB (single unified process) | ~9× less memory (-89%) |
| CPU Usage | 22.8% (Renderer + Helper processes) | 8.1% | ~2.8× lower CPU (-64%) |
| Official Discord (Electron) | Serein (Native Rust) |
|---|---|
| RAM: ~1,178.4 MB across 7 processes | RAM: 129.7 MB single process |
![]() | ![]() |
| CPU: 22.8% total | CPU: 8.1% total |
![]() | ![]() |
Rust 1.98.1 is pinned. Ensure you have the standard C/C++ toolchain and CMake installed for your platform:
xcode-select --install)pkg-config, GTK 4, WebKitGTK 6.0, fontconfig, and Vulkan drivers (see Platform Support)# 1. Opt in to the offline synthetic demo (no network, no storage)
cargo run --locked --features demo -- --demo
# 2. Launch standard client with voice (uses saved login or official webview)
cargo run --locked
# Run full workspace validation (formatting, Clippy, tests, policy checks)
cargo xtask check
# Run release reducer benchmark
cargo replay
# Run authentication bridge JS test harness
node tests/login-handoff.cjs
# Package release including voice (macOS .app bundle, Linux .deb by default)
cargo xtask package
| Capability | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Navigation & Guilds | Implemented | Collapsible categories, cached icons, guild channels, forum channels, active threads, DM lists, People pane, and server channel context menus |
| Message Timeline | Implemented | Virtualized variable-height rows, inline link confirmations, spoiler text/media reveal, unread message banners, deleted message protector, and local timezone timestamps |
| Markdown & System Messages | Implemented | Bold, italics, code blocks, blockquotes, clickable links, and styled system events with tinted Phosphor icons and clickable member names |
| Reactions & Emojis | Implemented | Twemoji rendering, native reaction counts, eight-emoji quick picker, full emoji picker integration, custom guild emojis, and add/remove reaction controls |
| GIFs & Media Search | Implemented | KLIPY GIF picker with search, favorites category, and one-click direct sending |
| User Mentions & Autocomplete | Implemented | Clickable user mentions with interactive composer autocompletion and visual highlight styling |
| Media Previews & Video Player | Implemented | Inline MOV and MP4 video playback, media copy/save context menus, inline image cards, embed cards, related embed image galleries, and full-resolution image viewer modals |
| File & Attachment Uploads | Implemented | Multi-attachment batch staging with file-type badges (PDF, ZIP, STL, images), thumbnail previews, individual file removal, upload progress bar, and drag-and-drop |
| Voice Engine & Calls | Implemented | 1-to-1/group DM calls & server channels, Opus codec, DAVE v1 E2EE, Sonora AEC3 acoustic echo cancellation, RNNoise suppression, push-to-talk (V), audio device selector |
| Voice Messages | Implemented | Inline voice message playback with interactive waveforms and bounded streaming audio buffering |
| Screen Sharing & Video | Implemented | Native screen capture (macOS ScreenCaptureKit, Windows Graphics Capture, Linux portal/PipeWire with VA-API/NVENC hardware encoding and software fallback; Linux native capture remains unverified), quality presets (720p/1080p, up to 60fps), and local camera/screen previews |
| Camera Video & Stream Viewing | Implemented | Hardware-accelerated decoding (macOS VideoToolbox, Linux VA-API, Windows DXVA/D3D11) for incoming screen streams and camera video feeds |
| Threads & Forum Channels | Implemented | Forum post listing, recent activity sorting, active thread browsing, and new forum post / thread creation |
| Server Administration | Implemented | Server profile editor (banners, icons, traits), role management with permissions matrix, audit log viewer, invite tracking and revocation, integrations/webhooks, and member moderation |
| Extensions & Theme Shop | Implemented | Git-backed plugins, community theme catalog with preview cards and color presets, permission prompt modals, and deleted-message protector |
| Keybinds & Shortcuts | Implemented | In-app keybind cheat sheet with raised keycaps, quick edit (Up), quick delete (Backspace), and keyboard navigation hotkeys |
| Rich Presence & Game IPC | Implemented | Discord IPC and WebSocket RPC servers plus running-game detection; displays activities in member rosters, DMs, and user profiles; opt-in system tray |
| Profile Cards & Editing | Implemented | On-demand profile popouts with banners, bios, badges, connections; native in-app editor for display name, bio, pronouns, and custom accent color with live preview |
| Server & Group Actions | Implemented | Server dropdown with friend invites and leave server; group DM actions (edit name/icon preview, mute, leave) |
| Context Menus & Shortcuts | Implemented | Right-click context menus for messages, media (save/copy), server channels, and members |
| Typing Indicators | Implemented | Displays incoming typing with short expiry; Serein strictly avoids emitting outgoing typing signals |
| Persistence & Drafts | Implemented | Bounded SQLite cache for history, drafts, settings, and diagnostics; OS credential store for auth tokens; sanitary logout |
| Internationalization | Partial | Bundled Inter font, CJK and Arabic font fallbacks included; full IME and bidirectional editing unverified |
Serein is engineered as a clean multi-crate Cargo workspace, isolating UI rendering from networking, persistence, and service protocols:
rustcord/
├── apps/
│ └── desktop/ # Application entrypoint, CLI flags, window lifecycle
├── crates/
│ ├── client-core/ # Client state coordinator, generation tracking, events
│ ├── session-cache/ # In-memory bounded cache and state reconciliation
│ ├── ui/ # egui widgets, message virtualizer, themes, design tokens
│ ├── model/ # Strongly-typed Discord domain entities
│ ├── discord-protocol/ # Wire protocol serialization and partial payload patches
│ ├── discord-api/ # HTTP/2 REST client with rate limiting and backoff
│ ├── discord-gateway/ # WebSocket gateway client with heartbeat and resume
│ ├── discord-voice/ # Opus codecs, RTP/UDP transport, DAVE v1, Sonora AEC, RNNoise, video decoding
│ ├── local-store/ # Bounded SQLite database for history, drafts, settings
│ ├── platform/ # OS credential store (Keychain/CredManager/SecretService)
│ └── test-support/ # Deterministic synthetic fixtures and mocks
└── tools/
├── replay-bench/ # Benchmarking harness for state reducers
└── xtask/ # Workspace automation tasks (packaging, checks, linting)
For full details, review the Storage Policy and Threat Model.
Original Serein code is dual-licensed under either:
at your option. Third-party library notices, bundled font licenses (Inter, Noto Sans CJK/Arabic), and Twemoji graphics licenses are cataloged in THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md.
Demo fixtures and simulated actions are excluded from normal app and CI packages.
Build with --features demo and launch with --demo to enable them; --demo-*
scenario flags additionally require --demo. cargo xtask package always builds
without demo support, while offline tests can still use synthetic fixtures.
Rust
97.5%
Python
1.4%